Vpliv uporabe polževega vsadka pri odraslih gluhih osebah na kakovost življenja : magistrsko delo

Krajnik, Sonja (author), Starc, Andrej (mentor), Battelino, Saba (co-mentor)

Uvod: Za dobro razumevanje in razvoj govora je nujno potreben dober sluh. Gluhost je nevidna motnja, ki jo opazimo šele takrat, ko pridemo v stik s tako osebo. Žal pa gluhost povzroča bolj kompleksne težave. Gluha oseba se največkrat umakne v svoj svet, stran od drugih ljudi. Gluhe osebe imajo pogosto tudi depresivne motnje. Oseba lahko ogluši, preden razvije govor. Za take osebe rečemo, da so prelingvalno gluhe. Če pa oseba izgubi sluh, ko sta govor in jezik že izoblikovana, rečemo, da je taka oseba postlingvalno gluha. Oboji bolniki so lahko kandidati za polžev vsadek. Namen: S to raziskavo želimo izvedeti in izmeriti vpliv vstavitve polževega vsadka in re-habilitacije sluha pri gluhi osebi na izboljšanje kakovosti življenja. Ker vemo, da kakovost življenja za vsakega človeka pomeni drugačno zadevo, se bomo v raziskovalni nalogi osredotočili predvsem na psihološki in sociološki vidik kakovosti življenja. V ospredje postavljamo vprašanje, ali gluhe osebe po vstavitvi polževega vsadka postanejo bolj samozavestne, se raje družijo z ljudmi ter imajo manj ovir oziroma omejitev, kot so jih imele pred vstavitvijo polževega vsadka. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom literature. V raziskavi smo uporabili standardizirani anketni vprašalnik. Vprašanja so bila zaprtega tipa in so se nanašala na čas pred vstavitvijo polževega vsadka ter eno leto po vstavitvi polževega vsadka. Populacijo, ki smo jo zajeli, predstavljajo odrasle osebe, ki so bile ob vstavitvi stare vsaj 18 let ali več in so bile postlingvalno gluhe. Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da se po vstavitvi polževega vsadka izboljša bolnikova samopodoba, prav tako smo v raziskavi dokazali, da se izboljšajo odnosi tako med bližnjimi kot tudi ljudmi v širšem socialnem okolju. Razprava in sklep: Rezultati kažejo na izboljšanje kakovosti življenja oseb po vstavitvi polževega vsadka. Osebe postanejo samozavestnejše, so bolj družabne in nasploh se izboljšajo njihovi odnosi v ožjem kot tudi širšem socialnem okolju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gluhi, kvaliteta življenja, polžev vsadek
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100683
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5405035
• Publication date in RUL: 06.04.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The influence of cochlear implantation on quality of life in deaf adults : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Normal hearing is essential for good comprehension and development of speech. Deafness is often an unseen disorder, noticed only when we come in contact with a hearing disabled person. Unfortunately, deafness causes more complex problems. A deaf person tends to withdraw himself or herself from social contacts and not seldom develops a depression disorders. A person who loses its hearing before they began to speak is called prelingually deaf. If hearing loss occurs after the speech has already been developed we call it postlingual deafness. Patients of both types are possible candidates for cochlear implantation. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine and measure the influence of cochlear implantation and hearing rehabilitation on quality of life of a deaf person. Quality of life has a different meaning for every individual, which is why we focused mainly on the psychological and sociological aspects. We wanted to know whether deaf people become more self-confident, more sociable and feel less disabled after cochlear implantation. Methods: A descriptive method of work with a literature review was used. We also used standardized questionnaire. Closed type questions related to the time before the cochlear implantation, and one year after the implantation. Postlingually deaf adult patients that were implanted at the age of 18 or more were included in the study. Results: Results show that the patient's self-image improves after cochlear implantation, relations in both closer and wider social environment also improve. Discussion and conclusion: Results show improvement of quality of life after cochlear implantation. Patients gain self-confidence, become more sociable and improve personal relations.

• Keywords: deafness, quality of life, cochlear implant