Praktični vidiki pomoči z umetnostjo : slika kot komunikacijski most med osebo in okoljem

Pavlovič, Dorotea (author), Selič-Zupančič, Polona (mentor), Brumen-Čop, Andrej (co-mentor)

Izhodišča: Samogovor slike kot del sporazumevanja ob uporabi projektivne tehnike risanja drevesa kot način spremljanja procesa učinkovitosti pomoči z umetnostjo še ni bilo uporabljeno in predstavlja sintezo likovne govorice in terapevtske pomoči. Namen študije primera je krepitev komunikacijskih kompetenc varovanca socialno-varstvenega zavoda z uporabo likovnega ustvarjanja in opolnomočenja v medosebnem stiku. Metode: Odgovor na raziskovalno vprašanje, in sicer ali je lahko likovno ustvarjanje most v komunikacijskem procesu, je bil dosežen v seriji terapevtskih srečanj. Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna akcijska raziskava, teme srečanj so bile načrtovane in po potrebi prilagojene željam osebe z motnjo v duševnem razvoju. Vsi potrebni likovni pripomočki in materiali za delo so bili individualizirani in pripravljeni, srečanja pa dokumentirana in vsebina podvržena kasnejši analizi. Glavni interpret in komentator likovnih izdelkov je bila oseba sama, risbe pa so služile kot sredstvo pri neposrednem opazovanju, beleženju, opisovanju ter pri razumevanju sprememb v komunikacijskem pretoku in posledičnem opolnomočenju. Rezultati: V raziskavi sem pri osebi potrdila pozitivno spremembo v komunikacijskem pretoku s pomočjo likovnega ustvarjanja. Oseba je s pomočjo likovnega jezika sprostila pretok lastne verbalne komunikacije. Pomemben pokazatelj napredka je bil prehod iz neverbalne komunikacije v verbalno, prežeto s čustvenimi izrazi. Oseba je s figurativnimi upodobitvami izkazala, da se počuti sprejeto in varno. Ob tem je predlagala svoje teme za nadaljnja srečanja. Sčasoma je postala manj impulzivna in občutljiva na zunanje dejavnike. Razprava in zaključki: raziskava potrjuje učinkovitost likovno-terapevtskega dela pri krepitvi komunikacijskih kompetenc obravnavane osebe in kaže na pomen aplikacije in implementacije likovnih tehnik pri individualni podpori posamezniku v zavodu. Pri svojem delu nisem naletela na obstoj podobne literature v slovenskem prostoru, ki bi mi lahko učinkovito pomagala pri delu v zavodu. Svoje magistrsko delo sem zaradi praktičnih razlogov izvirno usmerila v načrtovanje, izpeljavo in opis modela, ki sem ga razvila koherentno s študijem tuje literature in praktičnega dela s stanovalci v zavodu.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sporazumevanje, likovna terapija, opolnomočenje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [D. Pavlovič]
• Year: 2017
• Number of pages: 69 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100680
• UDC: 615.851:7(043.3)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 33552601
• Publication date in RUL: 17.04.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Practical views of arttherapies: a picture as a communication bridge between a person and environment.

Abstract

Aim: Self-image as part of communication through the design technique of drawing a tree as a way of monitoring the process of aid effectiveness with art has not yet been used and represents the synthesis of artistic speech and therapeutic assistance. The purpose of the case study is to strengthen the communication skills of one person in social welfare institution by using artistic creation and empowerment in interpersonal contact. Metods: The answer to the research question, namely whether the artistic creation of a bridge in the communication process, was achieved in a series of therapeutic meetings. A qualitative action survey was used, the topics of the meetings were designed and, if necessary, adjusted to the desires of one person with mental disorders. All the necessary artwork and materials for work were individualized and ready, meetings were documented and the contents subjected to a later analysis.The person with developmental impairment was the main interpreter of and commentator on her own artistic works, while the pictures served as the means to directly monitor, log, analyse, and understand the changes in the communication channel and her consequent empowerment. Results: The research confirmed a positive change in the communication channel with the help of creativity. Using artistic language, the subject was able to release the flow of her own verbal communication. An important indicator of progress was when she passed from progressive non-verbal communication to verbal communication, which became filled with emotional expressions and figurative images which showed she feels accepted and safe. The person proposed topics for further meetings, and over time she became less reactive to external factors. Discussion and conclusion: The research offers new possibilities for the application and implementation of art therapy in the individual support of a person in an institution. I was unable to find any similar research in Slovenia, so my study offers the first useful concept to be effectively introduced to support and empower the residents of the institution. For practical reasons the original focus of the design of this Master's thesis was the derivation and the description of the model that I have developed, coherent with the study of foreign literature and practical work with the residents of the institution.

• Keywords: fine arts, therapy, likovna umetnost, terapija