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Požar v knjižnici Fakultete za gradbeništvo in geodezijo : diplomska naloga
ID Repše, Nejc (Author), ID Krainer, Aleš (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Košir, Mitja (Co-mentor)

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PID: 20.500.12556/rul/372c4324-bcb7-4ba8-9a23-7ed355d4161d

Abstract
Požar je kompleksen pojav, ki ga je v naravi nemogoče predvideti. Zato je smiselno, da si pomagamo z računalniškimi programi, ki omogočajo oceno razvijanja požara in stranskih produktov, ki nastajajo med gorenjem. Velikokrat se preiskovalci nesreč zatekajo k simuliranju situacij, ki jim omogoči vpogled v vzroke nesreče in v to, kaj je potrebno pri zasnovah materialov ali prostorov spremeniti. V prvem delu diplomske naloge sem povzel osnove in produkte gorenja. Predstavil sem tipičen razvoj požara v objektu in posamezne faze požara. Nato sem opisal zakonodajo, ki ureja varstvo pred požarom in tehnično smernico o požarni varnosti v stavbah. Da je požar v objektu možen, morajo biti izpolnjeni trije ključni pogoji. V prostoru morajo biti prisotni zrak, toplota in dovolj goriva. V drugem delu diplomske naloge sem modeliral 5 različnih scenarijev gorenja knjižnice na fakulteti s programskim paketom FDS in Smokeview. Z različnimi scenariji sem hotel prikazati razvoj požara v odvisnosti od lokacije požara in potek požara glede na spremenljive pogoje, ki jim je požar podvržen. Na osnovi rezultatov računalniške simulacije sem naredil primerjavo med dvema skupinama rezultatov glede na mesto vžiga. V zadnjem računskem primeru sem simuliral tudi gašenje požara s pomočjo plina CO2, ki pride v poštev pri prostorih z velikim požarnim tveganjem in v prostorih z občutljivo opremo. Na osnovi rezultatov sem pokazal, kako bi lahko izboljšali požarno varnost fakultete in evakuacijsko pot v primeru požara v knjižnici. Ugotovil sem, da je požar izredno nepredvidljiv in da ima posamezna spremenljivka v začetni fazi požara velik vpliv na njegov razvoj. Obenem sem spoznal, da je lahko gašenje knjižnice s CO2 zelo učinkovito, saj s tem ne poškodujemo opreme. Posebno pozornost pa je potrebno nameniti zakasnitvi gašenja, da imajo osebe dovolj časa za varen umik iz prostora.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:gradbeništvo, UNI, požar, simulacija požara, temperatura, saje, vidljivost, porušitev, gorenje, požarna odpornost, varnost v primeru požara, koncentracija dima, požarna varnost, knjižnica
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:[N. Repše]
Year:2012
Number of pages:XXII, 82 str.
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-32695 This link opens in a new window
UDC:614.84:624:727.3(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:6131041 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:10.07.2015
Views:3261
Downloads:489
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Fire in the library of Faculty of Civil and Geodetic engineering
Abstract:
Fire is a complex phenomenon that is naturally impossible to predict. Therefore it makes sense that we use computer software that enables an assessment of development of the fire and by-products generated during combustion. Accident investigators often resort to simulation of situations that give them the insight into the causes of the accident and what needs to be changed in design of materials or buildings. In the first part of the thesis, I summarized the fundamentals and the products of combustion. I presented the development of a typical fire in a facility and individual stages of fire. I then described the legislation governing fire protection and technical guidance on fire safety in the buildings. In order for a fire in the facility to be possible, three key conditions must be met. Heat, air and enough fuel must be present in the room. In the second part of the thesis, I modeled five different scenarios of burning in the faculty library with software package FDS and Smokeview. With a variety of scenarios I wanted to show the development of fire depending on the location of fire and the course of fire according to the changing conditions to which it is subjected. Based on the results of computer simulation, I did a comparison between the two sets of results according to the location of ignition. In the last numerical example, I simulated fire fighting using CO2 gas, which should be considered in areas of high fire risk and in areas with sensitive equipment. Based on the results, I showed how we can improve the fire safety of the faculty and the evacuation route in case of fire in the library. I found out that the fire is very unpredictable and that each variable in the initial stage of the fire has a major influence on its development. At the same time, I realized that fire fighting with CO2 in the library can be very effective, as it does not damage the equipment, but we need to ensure sufficient time for safe evacuation of people from the area.

Keywords:graduation thesis, civil engineering, fire, fire simulation, temperature, soot, visibility, failure, burning, fire resistance, safety in case of fire, fire safety, smoke concentrations, library

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