Introduction: According to the experts, vaccination is one of the most important achievements in the area of the public health. Mortality rates have significantly decreased throughout the world due to the vaccination and constant development of the vaccines. With reaching sufficient levels of vaccination, we are limiting the spread of the contagious diseases and, in that way, ensuring a safe environment for those who, due to contraindications, may need to avoid vaccinations. The immunization schedules are applied through the entire year. Children and adolescents are typically vaccinated during the annual health examination. Nurses are important members of the health care team that perform quality health care of children and adolescents. Purpose: Our aim was to present successful interventions, done by the nurses, which can increase population´s vaccination and to emphasize the reasons for which the parents refuse to vaccinate children and adolescents. Methods: During the process of writing, we have used descriptive methods. We have overviewed the primary and the secondary literature. We have searched for the literature in the electronic collections, web browsers and in the libraries. We have limited the publishing period of the articles between the years 2006 – 2017. We have searched for the articles written in Slovenian and English languages, and the ones whose entire content was accessible in a full extent. We gained 2065 articles in analysis we used 9 of them. Results: The reasons for parents delaying the vaccination of their children occurred due to the individual or society influence, issues related to the vaccination and vaccines. Behind the increase of population´s vaccination were successful interventions, particularly education and informing, reminder and recall, and the proper administrative use of the immunization information systems. Discussion and conclusion: Fear of vaccination increases due to the spread of unproven or false information. Parents usually have doubts concerning side effects of the vaccines and they believe that vaccination is harmful. Vaccination is often associated with the occurrence of different diseases, the cause of which is unknown. Nurses take part in forwarding quality and verified information. It is important to build trust between nurses and parents and their children or adolescents. It is important to provide qualified professionals, who will continue to educate themselves.
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