Lažne ovadbe spolnih zlorab otrok

Marčeta, Vida (author), Filipčič, Katja (mentor)

Spolna zloraba otroka je kakršnokoli spolno ravnanje v razmerju do otroka, kjer soglasje ni oz. ne more biti dano. V pravnem smislu spolna zloraba otroka zajema kazniva dejanja iz 173., 173.a in 176. člena KZ-1. V letnem povprečju je približno 100 kaznivih dejanj spolnega napada na osebo, mlajšo od 15 let, vseh treh kaznivih dejanj pa približno 68 na leto. Število lažnih ovadb spolnih zlorab otrok je tako kot opredelitev tega pojma precej izmuzljivo. Lažne ovadbe spolnih zlorab otrok so tiste, ki so neresnične. Gre torej za zavestno lažne ovadbe (ki spadajo v okvir kaznivega dejanja krive ovadbe iz 283. člena KZ-1), neutemeljene obtožbe in lažna zanikanja. Raziskave kažejo, da je 30% prijav spolnih zlorab otrok neutemeljenih in 4% zavestno lažnih. V tej isti raziskavi so odkrili, da so ovadbe spolnih zlorab otrok podane le v 2% razveznih postopkov, vendar niso ugotavljali deleža zavestno lažnih ovadb. Druge raziskave kažejo, da se odstotek slednjih giba okoli 12%. Ko se pojavi sum na spolno zlorabo otroka, je treba izpeljati ustrezen postopek, ki naj bo otroku čim bolj prijazen. Dober primer ustrezne obravnave in postopek pridobivanja otrokove izjave sta NICHD protokol in Barnahus hiške.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: varstvo spolne nedotakljivosti otrok, lažne ovadbe spolnih zlorab otrok, kaznivo dejanje krive ovadbe, neutemeljene obtožbe, NICHD protokol, Barnahus, ovadbe spolnih zlorab otrok v razveznih postopkih, spolni napad na osebo, mlajšo od 15 let
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-99261
• COBISS.SI-ID: 15991121
• Publication date in RUL: 10.01.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: False allegations of child sexual abuse

Abstract

Sexual abuse of a child is any sexual conduct in relation to a child where consent is not or cannot be given. In legal terms sexual abuse of the child covers offences from 173., 173.a and 176. article of the Slovenian criminal code. Annual average is approximately 100 criminal offences of sexual assault on a person younger than 15 years (article 173) and all three crimes about 68 per year. The number of false allegations of child sexual abuse is, like the definition of this concept, quite elusive. False allegations of child sexual abuse are those which are untrue. This includes intentionally false allegations (falling within the scope of the article 283 of Slovenian criminal code), unsubstantiated allegations and false denials. Research shows that 30% of the allegations of sexual abuse of children are unsubstantiated and 4% are intentionally false. Same research shows that allegations of child sexual abuse are present in only 2% of the divorce proceedings, however the percentage of intentionally false allegations was not analysed. According to another study, the share of intentionally false allegations in the divorce proceedings is around 12%. When there is a suspicion of sexual abuse of a child, it is necessary to carry out an appropriate procedure that needs to be child-friendly. A good example of appropriate treatment and the process of obtaining the child's statements are NICHD protocol and the Barnahus.

• Keywords: protection of sexual integrity of children, false allegations of child sexual abuse, criminal offence of false reporting of crime, unsubstantiated allegations, NICHD protocol, Barnahus, child sexual allegations in divorce, sexual assault on a person