Darovanje matičnih celic v Biobanki - študija primera : diplomsko delo

Pavalec, Nives (author), Jug Došler, Anita (mentor)

Uvod: Matične celice ohranjamo vse življenje. Omogočajo naravno celjenje in zdravljenje naših tkiv in organov. Matične celice se lahko odvzamejo in shranijo ob porodu iz popkovnične krvi in prav temu se posveča vedno več pozornosti, saj bi jih v prihodnosti lahko uporabili za različne načine zdravljenja ter uporabo v regenerativni medicini. Matične celice iz popkovnične krvi lahko shranimo v javnih ali zasebnih bankah ob ustreznih pogojih za shranjevanje. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati matične celice, vrste matičnih celic in njihovo delovanje ter se poglobiti v sam proces in postopek pridobivanja matičnih celic. Na podlagi pregleda virov in študije primera smo proučili vedenja o popkovnici, zbrali podatke o tem, kdaj je bolj priporočljivo prekiniti popkovnico ter kakšne so prednosti in slabosti za novorojenčka ob darovanju popkovnične krvi. S študijo primera pa podrobneje predstavljamo sam proces in postopek odvzema, transporta in shranjevanja matičnih celic. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom domače in tuje, znanstvene in strokovne literature ter kavzalno-neeksperimentalno metodo empiričnega raziskovanja. Uporabljene so bile podatkovne baze Dikul, Cobiss, Cinahl, PubMed in Medline. Študija primera temelji na dveh tehnikah zbiranja podatkov, in sicer na analizi internih dokumentov zasebne banke ter analizi intervjuja z direktorjem zasebne banke. Podatki so bili pridobljeni s poglobljenim nestrukturiranim intervjujem. Rezultati: S študijo primera predstavljamo, kakšen je strokovno ustrezen način odvzema popkovnične krvi in popkovnice, saj je to postopek, ki ga v porodnišnici pogosto opravljajo babice. Na podlagi izvedenega intervjuja smo ugotovili, da je v Biobanki shranjenih nekaj tisoč vzorcev popkovnične krvi in tkiv popkovnice, izmed katerih še nobeden ni bil uporabljen za zdravljenje. Na podlagi pregleda virov in študije primera smo ugotovili, da takojšnja prekinitev popkovnice v sedanjem sistemu ureditve predstavlja za novorojenčka več škode kot koristi v primerjavi z odloženo prekinitvijo popkovnice. Razprava in zaključek: Popkovnica se ob shranjevanju popkovnične krvi pogosto prekine prezgodaj, da bi se zagotovila čim večja količina krvi. Vse več staršev se odloča za shranjevanje popkovnice in popkovnične krvi novorojenčka ob rojstvu. Poraja se vse več vprašanj o dejanski uporabnosti shranjene popkovnične krvi, saj njena uporaba sloni na predvidevanju in razvoju znanosti ter zdravljenju v prihodnosti. Verjetnost, da bomo zboleli za boleznijo, ki jo danes zdravijo s popkovnično krvjo, pa je izjemno majhna. Glede na rezultate naše študije predpostavljamo, da je večja prednost za novorojenčka, da dobi vso kri ob rojstvu, saj je to njegova prva naravna transfuzija matičnih celic.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: matične celice, popkovnica, popkovnična kri, uporaba popkovnične krvi, banke matičnih celic
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-97125
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5347947
• Publication date in RUL: 20.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Stem cell donation in Biobanks - case study : diploma thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Stem cells are kept for whole life. They enable natural healing and repair of tissue and organs. Stem cells can be taken and preserved from umbilical cord blood during parturition. Preserving stem cells attracts more and more attention since they could be used for different kinds of treatment and in regenerative medicine in the future. Stem cells from umbilical cord blood can be saved in public or private banks with corresponding conditions for storage. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to research stem cells, different types of stem cells and their function and to deepen into the procedure of stem cells extraction itself. Throughout the review of different literature and case study we researched knowledge about umbilical cord, gathered information when disconnecting umbilical cord is more advisable and what are pros and cons for the newborn infant when donating umbilical cord blood. We introduce procedure of taking stem cells, their transportation and preservation in detail based on the case study. Work methods: We used descriptive work method by reviewing domestic and foreign scientific and professional literature and causal-nonexperimental method of empirical research. Data bases we have used are Dikul, Cobiss, Cinahl, PubMed and Medline. Case study is based on two data gathering techniques, which are analysis of private banks internal documents and analysis of the interview with private bank director. Data have been acquired with nonstructural interview. Result: With case study we introduce how to take umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord professionally since this procedure is often performed by midwives. On the basis of interview we ascertain that there are few thousand umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord tissue samples preserved in Biobanka, however none of them has been used for treatment purposes yet. Over literature and case study review we state that immediate disconnection of umbilical cord as it is performed in current system represents more damage than benefit for the newborn infant in comparison to delayed umbilical cord disconnection. Discussion and conclusion: Umbilical cord is often disconnected too early when preserving umbilical cord blood in order to achieve bigger amount of blood. More and more parents decide for umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood preservation during parturition. However, more and more questions emerge about actual applicability of preserved umbilical cord blood since its usage leans on foreseeing, science progress and treatment in the future. Likelihood we will sicken with disease that is treated with umbilical cord blood till this day is extraordinary small. Based on the results of our case study we suppose there are more benefits for newborn infant in receiving whole amount of blood as this is his first natural stem cells transfusion.

• Keywords: stem cells, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord blood usage, stem cells banks