Uporaba metode igre na področju obravnave zasvojenosti : magistrsko delo

Adam, Špela (author), Razpotnik, Špela (mentor)

Preko dramske terapije pri delu z osebami, ki imajo izkušnjo zasvojenosti, sem ugotovila, da jim preproste otroške igre in senzorične vaje pomagajo na več stopnjah, ki so nadvse pomembne za njihovo uspešno rehabilitacijo, in prav te stopnje bom tudi obdelala v raziskovalni nalogi. Preko iger se uporabniki lahko povežejo in bolje delujejo v skupini, kar je osrednjega pomena za razreševanje zasvojenosti (skupinska terapija). V teoretičnem delu se bom opirala na teoretični okvir lastnosti oseb, ki imajo izkušnjo zasvojenosti, med katerimi nekateri znanstveniki (Clemmens, 2014; Cook, 1991; Johnson, 1990; Wilson, 2012) izpostavljajo zlasti sram in odsotnost čutenja ugodja, oboje pa je povezano z nizko samozavestjo uporabnikov. V nadaljevanju bom raziskovala tiste mehanizme, ki spodbujajo zasvojenost – teorije, kjer zasvojenost povezujejo z zgodnjimi motnjami v navezanosti in posledično z občutenjem sramu, neobstoja in umika iz odnosov, po drugi strani pa prepoved ugodja in veselja, kar večinoma uporabniki tudi začutijo preko iger in skupinske dinamike. Posvetila se bom tudi pomembnemu dejavniku zdravljenja zasvojenosti, t. j. skupinski terapiji. V nadaljevanju bom razdelala učinke metode iger – na kaj vse delujejo in pri čem lahko pomagajo in pripomorejo k skupinski dinamiki in čutenju tem, ki so za uporabnike pomembne. Empirični del naloge bo temeljil na delu z osebami z izkušnjo zasvojenosti preko različnih delavnic, kjer bom uporabljala tehnike oziroma metode od preprostih otroških iger pa do vaj za boljše povezovanje s telesom in nenazadnje tudi vaje za povezovanje v skupini. Učinke delavnic bom raziskovala preko lastnih zapiskov, dnevnika počutja, ki ga bodo vodili udeleženci, pa tudi preko polstrukturiranih intervjujev, povezanih s temo, kako uporabniki doživljajo delavnice in kako jim pomagajo pri občutenju ugodja, veselja, sramu, in pri razreševanju osnovnih tem, ki so jih pripeljale v zasvojenost. Glavni namen raziskovanja je razkriti, kako lahko preko iger osebam z izkušnjo zasvojenosti pomagamo priti v stik z njihovimi pomembnimi vsebinami in jim pomagamo na poti zdravljenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zasvojenost, terapevtska skupnost, sram, teorija navezanosti, pomoč z umetnostjo
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [Š. Adam]
• Year: 2017
• Number of pages: 57 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96856
• UDC: 615.851(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11771721
• Publication date in RUL: 13.12.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Using the game method in addiction treatment

Abstract

While working with persons with addiction experience by drama therapy, I have established that simple child's plays and games and sensory exercises help them on several levels which are extremely important for their successful rehabilitation, and these concrete levels are the subject of my research work. Through games the users get more easily connected with each other and they function better in a group which is of essential meaning in addiction solving process (group therapy). In the theoretical part I leaned on theoretical framework of characteristics of individuals with addiction experience among which some scientists (Clemmens, 2014; Cook, 1991; Johnson, 1990; Wilson, 2012) put forward especially shame and inability of feeling comfort which are both connected with low self-esteem of users. I also looked into those mechanisms which stimulate addiction, i.e. theories connecting the addiction with early disorder of attachment (establishing contacts) and consequently the feeling of shame, non-existence and withdrawal from the relationships, while on the other hand forbidding comfort and joy which users also experience through games and group dynamics. I also paid attention to a very important factor in addiction treatment, that is group therapy. Further on, I analysed the effects of game methods, namely what they exert their influence upon and in which way they can help and contribute to group dynamics and to the feeling of issues important for users. The empirical part of the paper was based on practical work with persons with addiction experience through various workshops in which I used techniques or methods from simple child's games to exercises for better connection with one's body and finally also the exercises for connections within a certain group. The effects of workshops were researched on the basis of my personal notes and the diary of personal feelings which the participants conducted, and also through semi-structured interviews. I studied what influence the workshops exerted on users, how they helped them to feel comfort, joy and shame and to solve basic issues that had led them into addiction. The main purpose of research was to explore how persons with addiction experience can be helped through games to get in touch with their important issues, thus helping them on their way of treatment process.

• Keywords: play, therapy, igra, terapija