Vedenjski odziv deževnikov na prisotnost različnih bakrovih soli in bakrovih pripravkov v prsti : magistrsko delo

Hace, Anja (author), Zidar, Primož (mentor)

Bakrovi pripravki in bakrove soli so najpogosteje uporabljena fitofarmacevtska sredstva. Na zemljiščih z intenzivnim kmetijstvom lahko tako koncentracije bakra v prsti hitro presežejo mejno imisijsko vrednost (60 mg Cu/kg suhih tal), kar lahko že vpliva na vedenje talnih organizmov in posledično lahko tudi na njihovo ekološko vlogo. Podatki iz literature kažejo, da imajo različne bakrove soli in pripravki različen vpliv na živali. Namen naše raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kateri bakrovi pripravki oziroma soli imajo večji vpliv na izogibno vedenje deževnikov. Z metodo hitrih vedenjskih testov z deževniki vrste Eisenia andrei (ISO 17512-1) smo ugotavljali, kakšen je odziv deževnikov na prisotnost različnih koncentracij bakrovih soli oziroma pripravkov v prsti. Določili smo vrednosti EC50 za uporabljene bakrove pripravke in soli. Uporabili smo dve vrsti bakrovih soli (CuCl2*2H2O in CuSO4*5H2O) in tri najpogosteje uporabljene bakrove pripravke v Sloveniji (Cuprablau Z, Cuprablau Z Ultra in Champion). Soli odlikuje visoka topnost, medtem ko so aktivne snovi bakrovih pripravkov slabo topne v vodi in tvorijo suspenzijo. Bakrovi pripravki zato pogosto vsebujejo dodatke za izboljšanje topnosti v vodi ali za povečanje učinka aktivne snovi. V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da se izogibno vedenje deževnikov E. andrei izrazi pri nižjih koncentracijah bakra v obliki soli v prsti kot bakrovih pripravkov, prav tako smo ugotovili razlike med pripravki. Pripravki in soli si od najnižje izračunane vrednosti EC50 do najvišje vrednosti sledijo po vrsti: CuCl2*2H2O < CuSO4*5H2O < Champion < Cuprablau Z Ultra < Cuprablau Z.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vedenjski test, Eisenia andrei
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [A. Hace]
• Year: 2017
• Number of pages: 56 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96560
• UDC: 595.142:57(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11750985
• Publication date in RUL: 11.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Behavioral response of earthworms to the presence of various copper salts and copper formulations in soil

Abstract

Copper formulations and copper salts are the most frequently used plant protection agents. Therefore copper concentrations in agriculture soils can easily exceed limit emission value for copper (60 mg Cu/kg for the dry soil), which migh already affect the behavior and consequently the ecological function of soil organisms. Data from literature show that different copper formulations and different salts have different impact on animals. The aim of our study was to find out which copper formulations or copper salts have the greatest impact on the avoidance behavior of earthworms. Avoidance behaviour was studied by the rapid avoidance test on earthworms Eisenia Andrei (ISO 17512-1). We estimated EC50 values for different copper furmulations and salts used. In the study two kinds of copper salts (CuCl2*2H2O and CuSO4*5H2O) and three most frequently applied cooper formulations in Slovenia were used (Cuprablau Z, Cuprablau Z Ultra and Champion). Salts have high solubility, while copper formulations have low solubility and create suspension. To increase water solubility and for better effect of active substance copper formulations usually contain different additives. We found out that avoidance behaviour is more prominent in the soil with copper salts than in the soil with copper formulations, among which differences were also found. The range of copper formulations and salts sorted from the lowest to highest calculated EC50 values is: CuCl2*2H2O < CuSO4*5H2O < Champion < Cuprablau Z Ultra < Cuprablau Z.

• Keywords: zoology, biology, zoologija, biologija