Varna vadba v nosečnosti za plod in nosečnico : metasinteza

Dolenc, Urša (author), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor)

Uvod: Vadba med nosečnostjo med drugim pripomore k vzdrževanju telesne pripravljenosti in primerne telesne mase nosečnice, k lažjemu in krajšemu porodu ter razvoju ploda. Nekatere ženske kljub temu da med nosečnostjo nimajo zdravstvenih težav, niso telesno dejavne ali pa s telesno dejavnostjo zaradi nosečnosti celo prenehajo. Nekateri izmed pomembnejših razlogov za slednje so neinformiranost o varnosti telesne dejavnosti, zmotna prepričanja in strah pred negativnimi posledicami vadbe v nosečnosti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati vpliv telesne dejavnosti na nosečnico in plod. Ugotoviti želimo, kako se med vadbo spremenijo plodov srčni utrip, število plodovih gibov ter srčna frekvenca, krvni tlak in telesna temperatura nosečnice. Na podlagi ugotovitev želimo opredeliti, ali je vadba med nosečnostjo varna za nosečnico in plod. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom znanstvene literature. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir, in sicer od leta 2000 do 2017. Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, The Cochrane Collaboration, Springer Link in Scopus. Za kvalitativno metasintezo je bilo uporabljenih 11 raziskav. Rezultati: Fetalni srčni utrip neposredno po vadbi nosečnice je spemenjen, število plodovih gibov po zaključeni vadbi pa ni višje kot pred začetkom telesne dejavnosti posameznice. Srčna frekvenca, diastolični in sistolični krvni tlak ter telesna temperatura nosečnice se med vadbo povišajo. Razprava in sklep: Telesna dejavnost nosečnice ima vpliv na opazovane spremenljivke in je, v primeru, da jo ženska izvaja v skladu z aktualnimi priporočili, varna tako za plod kot za nosečnico. Vadba med nosečnostjo predstavlja pomembno intervencijo za vzdrževanje splošnega zdravja in psihičnega počutja posameznice, brez da bi ob tem ogrožala razvoj ploda. Da bi k telesni dejavnosti spodbudili čim več nosečnic, ki jim zdravstveno stanje vadbo dopušča, je potrebno dodatno in bolj kakovostno informiranje ciljne skupine ter izobraževanje zdravstvenih in drugih odgovornih strokovnih delavcev o varnosti ter prednostih vadbe med nosečnostjo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prenatalna telesna dejavnost, vpliv, varnost, krvni tlak, srčni utrip, telesna temperatura, plodovi gibi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96405
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5324651
• Publication date in RUL: 01.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Safe exercise during pregnancy for the fetus and pregnant woman : meta-synthesis

Abstract

Introduction: Exercise during pregnancy helps maintaining physical fitness and adequate weight of pregnant women, easier and shorter childbirth and the development of the fetus. Some women, even though that they have no health problems during pregnancy, are not physically active or cease with sports activities altogether. One of the main reasons for the latter is lack of information, misconceptions, and fear of negative consequences from pregnancy exercise. Purpose: The purpose of this final thesis is to research the impact of exercise on the pregnant woman and her fetus. Our goal is to determine how exercise affects the fetus's heartbeat, number of movements and heart rate, blood pressure and the pregnant woman's body temperature. Based on our findings we wish to define if exercise during pregnancy is safe for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Methods: In this final thesis we used the descriptive method with a systematic overview of scientific literature. While searching we used a timeframe, from the year 2000 to 2017. We searched for literature in English and Slovene in the following databases: CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, The Cochrane Collaboration, Springer Link in Scopus. Eleven researches were used for qualitative meta-synthesis. Results: The fetal heart rate directly after exercise was different than before the pregnant woman’s physical activity, while the number of movements of the fetus is not higher compared to before the start of the physical activity of each individual woman. Hear trate, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and body temperature of the pregnant woman rise during exercise. Discussion and conclusion: Physical activity of the pregnant woman has an effect on the observed variables and is, if performed in accordance with the current recommendations, safe for the fetus as well as the pregnant woman. Exercise during pregnancy is an important intervention for maintaining general health and psychological wellbeing of each individual, without any harmful consequences for the development of the fetus. In order to stimulate more women, whose medical condition allows them to exercise, towards physical activity, additional information of higher quality must be provided to pregnant women. Additionally, medical workers and other responsible professionals need to be educated on safety and benefits of pregnancy exercise.

• Keywords: prenatal physical activity, effect, safety, blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, fetal movement