Uporaba glivnih encimov za čiščenje okolja

Belko Parkel, Kaja (author), Humar, Miha (mentor)

Eden večjih okoljskih problemov danes je onesnaženje s strupenimi kemikalijami, ki predstavljajo resno tveganje za okolje in ljudi. To je vidno tudi iz zadnjih okoljskih nesreč v Sloveniji. Določene vrste gliv, predvsem glive bele trohnobe, so zaradi nespecifičnosti zunajceličnih encimov (lakaze, lignin peroksidaze, od mangana odvisne peroksidaze) privlačne za uporabo pri razgradnji onesnažil, prisotnih v okolju. Čiščenje oz. vračanje okolja v prvotno stanje z uporabo gliv oz. njihovih encimov imenujemo mikoremediacija. Glive so sposobne razgradnje onesnažil, kot so policiklični aromatski ogljikovodiki, polietilen, nafta in naftni proizvodi, različni insekticidi, poliklorirani bifenili in drugi. Razgradnjo omogoča podobnost med strukturo lignina in strukturo teh onesnažil. Glivne encime lahko uporabimo v bioreaktorju ali pa v procesu bioaugmentacije ali biostimulacije.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: biotehnologija, glive, lignolitični encimi, okolje, remediacija, glive bele trohnobe
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [K. Belko Parkel]
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-95648
• UDC: 602.3:582.28:504.5:628.3:661.16:665.6/.7(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8813945
• Publication date in RUL: 21.09.2017

BELKO PARKEL, Kaja, 2017, Uporaba glivnih encimov za čiščenje okolja [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. K. Belko Parkel. [Accessed 5 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=95648

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Applications of fungal enzymes to clean the environment

Abstract

One of the main environmental problems today is the pollution of the environment caused by toxic chemicals, which pose a serious risk for the ecosystem and the people involved. This is evident from the latest environmental accidents in Slovenia. Certain species of fungi, mainly white rot fungi, are able to degrade many pollutants present in the environment, due to the non-specifity of their extracellular enzymes (laccases, lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases), thus making them an attractive alternative for cleaning the environment. Cleaning or returning the environment to its original state with the use of fungi or its enzymes is called mycoremediation. Similarity between the chemical structure of lignin and the structures of many pollutants enables fungi to degrade a wide range of pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polyethylene, oil, insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and others. Fungal enzymes can be used in a bioreactor, in addition to approaches of bioaugumentation or biostimulation.

• Keywords: biotechnology, fungi, lignin-modifying enzymes, environment, remediation, white rot fungi