Disfunkcija mišic medeničnega dna pri športnih pedagoginjah : diplomsko delo

Kolman, Ajda (author), Bučar Pajek, Maja (mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, ali telesna dejavnost in pogostost telesne dejavnosti v mladosti in sedanjosti vplivata na disfunkcije mišic medeničnega dna (MMD) pri športnih pedagoginjah. Zanimalo nas je, ali dejavniki, kot so starost, število rojstev in pogostost izvajanja vaj za MMD vplivajo na pojav disfunkcij MMD. Poleg tega smo preverili, kakšno je zavedanje o pomenu MMD in poznavanje vaj za njihovo krepitev pri športnih pedagoginjah. V raziskavo je bilo zajetih 93 športnih pedagoginj, starih 25–65 let, ki so izpolnile anonimni spletni vprašalnik. Z analizo podatkov smo ugotovili, da se 31 % športnih pedagoginj srečuje z disfunkcijo MMD. Kot prisotnost disfunkcije smo šteli pritrdilni odgovor na katero od vprašanj o uhajanju urina, blata ali vetrov med telesno dejavnostjo ali o negativnem vplivu težav MMD na spolno življenje. Športne pedagoginje, ki so se v mladosti ukvarjale s plavanjem, odbojko in borilnimi veščinami, imajo sedaj težave z disfunkcijami MMD. Športne pedagoginje z disfunkcijo MMD so se v mladosti 1-krat tedensko pogosteje ukvarjale z rekreativnim športom kot tiste brez disfunkcije. Poleg tega smo dokazali, da na prisotnost disfunkcij MMD niso vplivale spremenljivke starost, število rojstev in pogostost izvajanja vaj za MMD. Prav tako smo ugotovili, da ne obstaja razlika med vrsto in pogostostjo telesne dejavnosti, s katero se ukvarjajo športne pedagoginje v prostem času in disfunkcijami MMD. Športne pedagoginje se zavedajo pomena pravilnega delovanja MMD in znajo oceniti primernost vaj za krepitev MMD. Kljub temu menimo, da je njihovo znanje pomanjkljivo, saj jih 33 % ne ve, komu so namenjene vaje za krepitev MMD, obenem pa jih je veliko večje število napačno ocenilo, v katerem starostnem obdobju bi morali začeti z izvajanjem vaj. Športne pedagoginje bi morale pogosteje ozaveščati učence/-vadeče o pomenu MMD in vajah, s katerimi lahko krepimo te mišice. S primernim preventivnim ukrepanjem namreč lahko preprečimo težave z MMD v kasnejših življenjskih obdobjih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mišice medeničnega dna, disfunkcija mišic medeničnega dna, urinska inkontinenca, fekalna inkontinenca, telesna dejavnost, športne pedagoginje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-95059
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5186225
• Publication date in RUL: 13.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Pelvic Floor Disfunction of Physical Education Teachers

Abstract

The purpose of this degree paper is to determine whether physical activity and its frequency amid physical education teachers (P.E. teachers) in their youth and as well as in the present influences the presence of pelvic floor dysfunctions among them. We were interested in the question if factors such as age, number of births and frequency of pelvic floor muscle exercises affect the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunctions. Additionally, we reviewed if P.E. teachers are aware of the pelvic floor muscles’ role and exercises for their strengthening. 93 sport educators, aged between 25 and 65 years, participated in the research by answering an anonymous survey. Through the analysis of the gathered data, we found out that 31% of P.E. teachers face pelvic floor dysfunctions. We considered affirmative answers to any of the questions regarding the leak of urine, faeces or winds during physical activity or the negative impact of pelvic floor muscles problems on sex life, as the presence of pelvic floor dysfunctions. P.E. teachers, who were swimmers, played volleyball and practiced martial arts in their youth, have now issues with pelvic floor dysfunctions. P.E. teachers with pelvic floor dysfunctions practised recreational sports in their youth once a week more often as P.E. teachers without dysfunctions. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the factors age, number of births and frequency of exercises for pelvic floor muscles did not influence the presence of pelvic floor dysfunctions. Additionally, we also found no connection between the type and the frequency of physical activities, that P.E. teachers practice in their leisure time and pelvic floor dysfunctions. P.E. teachers are aware of the importance of pelvic floor muscles and their proper functioning and know how to assess the appropriateness of pelvic floor muscles exercises. Nevertheless, we believe that their knowledge is partly inadequate, since 33% of the interviewees did not know for whom the pelvic floor muscles exercises are intended. Moreover, many of them wrongly assessed the age in which individuals should start to practice the exercises. P.E. teachers should more often raise awareness among pupils/ practitioners about the importance of pelvic floor muscles and exercises, which can strengthen these muscles. With appropriate preventive measures, problems with pelvic floor muscles at later stages can be prevented.

• Keywords: pelvic floor muscles, pelvic floor dysfunction, urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, physical activity, education teachers