Učinkovitost in varnost visoko intenzivne intervalne vadbe pri bolnikih s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 : sistematični pregled literature

Cilenšek, Ines (author), Kacin, Alan (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (comentor)

Uvod: Življenjski slog z zdravim načinom prehranjevanja, zadostno telesno dejavnostjo in primerno telesno težo, je osnovni ukrep v zdravljenju sladkorne bolezni tipa 2 (SB2). Čeprav redna telesna dejavnost lahko prepreči ali odloži pojav bolezni in njenih zapletov, večina bolnikov s SB2 ni telesno dejavnih. Kot glavni razlog največkrat navajajo pomanjkanje časa. Visoko intezivna intervalna vadba (VIIV) je vadba z izmenjavo ponavljajočih se visoko in nizko intenzivnih intervalov telesne dejavnosti. Številne raziskave dokazujejo, da je VIIV zelo učinkovita za izboljšanje kardiorespiratorne pripravljenosti, endotelne funkcije, inzulinske senzitivnosti ter doseganje metaboličnih prilagoditev skeletne mišice. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil, na podlagi pregleda literature, ugotoviti učinke visoko intenzivne intervalne vadbe na bolnike s SB2, ter primerjati visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo s kontinuirano aerobno vadbo pri bolnikih s SB2. Metode dela: Pregledane so bile podatkovne zbirke: Medline (preko baze EBSCOhost), The Cochrane Library, PeDRO in Scopus, na Zdravstveni fakulteti, Medicinski fakulteti in preko oddaljenega dostopa. Rezultati: V podroben pregled smo na podlagi zastavljenih kriterijev vključili 7 raziskav. V primeru glikemičnega nadzora, sistoličnega krvnega tlaka, vrednosti holesterola in ITM se je VIIV izkazala za bolj učinkovito v primerjavi s kontinuirano aerobno vadbo, pri bolnikih s SB2, ko je vadba potekala 12-16 tednov. Razprava in sklep: V našem pregledu smo ugotovili, da sta obe obliki vadbe, zmerna kontinuirana aerobna in VIIV, koristni za bolnike s SB2, le da z VIIV dosežemo primerljive učinke v krajšem času. Vendar je VIIV bolj učinkovita v primeru glikemične kontrole, sistoličnega krvnega tlaka, vrednosti holesterola in ITM. Še več, v nobeni raziskavi niso preiskovanci iz skupine VIIV utrpeli poškodb ali miokardni infarkt, kar kaže na varno uporabo VIIV pri tej skupini bolnikov. Glede na dejstvo, da je pomanjkanje časa največkrat navedena ovira za redno telesno dejavnost, se zdi da je VIIV varna in učinkovita alternativa tradicionalni kontinuirani aerobni vadbi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sladkorna bolezen tip 2, visoko intenzivna intervalna vadba, kontinuirana aerobna vadba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-94889
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5334379
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effectiveness and safety of high-intensity interval training in patients with type 2 diabetes : a systematic literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Lifestyle modification regarding a healthy diet, adequate physical activity and optimal weight control remains the cornestone in the prevention, management and treatment of the type 2 diabetes. Although regular physical activity can prevent or delay the onset of the disease and its complications, most patients with type 2 diabetes are not physically active. Lack of time is the number-one reported barrier to regular exercise participation. High intensity interval training is comprised of brief periods of high-intensity exercise interposed with recovery periods at a lower intensity. There is accumulating evidence that a variety of high intensity interval training protocols are highly effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function, muscle metabolic capacity and insulin sensitivity. Purpose: The main purpose of this thesis is to review randomized control trials in order to establish the effectiveness of high intensity interval training in patients with type 2 diabetes and to compare feasibility of high intensity interval and moderate intensity continuous exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: RCT were identified through databases Medline (EBSCOhost), The Cochrane Library, PeDRO and Scopus. Results: The review included 7 studies. High intensity interval training appears to promote superior improvements in the case of glycemic control, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol and BMI values in comparison to moderate intensity continuous exercise, when performed by patients with type 2 diabetes for at least 12-16 weeks. Conclusion: In our review, we found that both exercise modes, moderate intensity continuous exercise and high intensity interval training were useful for patients with type 2 diabetes, with the high intensity interval training achieving comparable effects in a shorter time. However, high intensity interval training is more effective in the case of glycemic control, lowering systolic blood pressure, cholesterol and ITM values. High intensity interval training involves a substantially lower total exercise volume and time commitment and has therefore been touted as a time-efficient exercise option. Given that lack of time is the number-one reported barrier to regular exercise participation, it is possible that high intensity interval training may be an attractive and safe option for increasing physical activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

• Keywords: type 2 diabetes, high intensity interval training, moderate intensity continuous exercise