Medvrstniško nasilje na osnovnih šolah z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom : magistrsko delo

Krašovec, Katja (avtor), Zorc-Maver, Darja (mentor)

Otroci in mladostniki so v sodobnem svetu bodisi žrtve bodisi povzročitelji različnih oblik medvrstniškega nasilja, tako psihičnega, fizičnega, kakor tudi spolnega. Pregled raziskav izpostavlja, da imajo učenci z lažjimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju poleg znižanih sposobnosti za učenje in usvajanje splošnih znanj pogosto težave na področju čustvovanja ter socialnih odnosov. V teoretičnem delu magistrskega dela smo na podlagi strokovne literature opredelili pojem in različne vrste medvrstniškega nasilja. Opisali smo dejavnike nasilnega vedenja ter vloge, katere učenci lahko prevzamejo v dinamiki nasilnih dejanj. Predstavili smo ukrepe za preprečevanje nasilja v šoli ter ukrepe ob pojavu medvrstniškega trpinčenja. Nadalje smo navedli zakonske in strokovne opredelitve otrok in mladostnikov z lažjimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju ter Prilagojenega izobraževalnega programa z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Opisali smo medvrstniško nasilje med to populacijo in predstavili raziskave, ki so bile na temo nasilja med otroki in mladostniki opravljene v Sloveniji ter po svetu. Pripravili smo tudi pregled raziskav o medvrstniškem nasilju med populacijo otrok in mladostnikov z lažjimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju. V kvalitativnem empiričnem delu smo raziskovali implicitne uvide glede značilnosti in oblik medvrstniškega nasilja med osnovnošolci z lažjimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju in njihovimi učitelji. Poleg tega so nas zanimale metode preprečevanja oziroma zmanjševanja medvrstniškega nasilja na osnovnih šolah, ki izvajajo Prilagojeni izobraževalni program z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Empirične podatke smo pridobili z metodo delno strukturiranega intervjuvanja osmih učencev z lažjimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju in osmih učiteljev oziroma svetovalnih delavcev, ki so v vsakodnevnem stiku z izbranimi učenci. Delno strukturirane intervjuje smo izvedli na osmih slovenskih osnovnih šolah, ki izvajajo Prilagojeni izobraževalni program z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Zbrane podatke smo analizirali z metodo kvalitativne vsebinske analize in jih predstavili v utemeljeni teoriji, ki je podprta s paradigmatskim (shematskim) modelom.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: lažje motnje v duševnem razvoju
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Založnik: [K. Krašovec]
• Leto izida: 2017
• Št. strani: 151 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-94144
• UDK: 376(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11646281
• Datum objave v RUL: 24.08.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Peer violence in elementary schools of lower standards in education

Izvleček

Nowadays, children and adolescents are either victims or causes of different forms of psychological, physical and sexual peer violence. According to research examinations, pupils who suffer from minor mental disorder are also faced with lower abilities to learn and to assimilate general knowledge. They often have difficulties in emotioning and social relations as well. The theoretical part of the thesis, based on scholarly literature, defines the concept and different forms of peer violence. It describes the factors of violent behaviour and the roles that pupils can take in violent acts. It presents the measures to prevent violence and the occurrence of peer abuse in school. It also names legal and expert definitions of children and adolescents with minor mental disorder and Adapted education programme with lower educational standard. The theoretical part describes peer violence among this population and presents researches carried out among children and adolescents in Slovenia and all over the world. It also includes a research overview of peer violence among the population of children and adolescents with minor mental disorder. In the qualitative empirical part we researched implicit findings in terms of characteristics and forms of peer violence among primary school pupils with minor mental disorder and their teachers. Furthermore, we were interested in the methods of preventing or reducing peer violence in primary schools which include Adapted education programme with lower educational standard. The empirical data were gathered by using the method of partially structured interviews with eight pupils with minor mental disorder and eight teachers or counsellors, who are daily in contact with the select pupils. These interviews were carried out at eight Slovene primary schools that include Adapted education programme with lower educational standard. The data we collected were analysed by using the method of qualitative content analysis and were presented as a valid theory, which is supported by paradigmatic (schematic) model.

• Ključne besede: primary school, peer group, aggression, osnovna šola, vrstniki, agresija