Pojavnost urinske inkontinence pri profesionalnih in rekreativnih športnicah : pregled literature

Grudnik, Tjaša (avtor), Šćepanović, Darija (mentor)

Uvod: Urinska inkontinenca je po mednarodnem združenju za urinsko inkontinenco definirana kot nehotno uhajanje seča do te mere, da predstavlja higienski, socialni ali finančni problem. Pojavlja se pri 10–55 % žensk, starih od 15–64 let. Vzajemno delovanje mišic medeničnega dna in ligamentov nudi podporo organom v mali medenici. Telesna aktivnost preprečuje pojav kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni, osteoporoze in pozitivno vpliva na psihofizično počutje. Naporna telesna dejavnost je eden glavnih dejavnikov, ki povzročajo disfunkcijo medeničnega dna, katerega posledica je med drugim tudi urinska inkontinenca. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom obstoječe strokovne in znanstvene literature ugotoviti pojavnost urinske inkontinence ter vpliv telesne vadbe na simptome urinske inkontinence pri profesionalnih in rekreativnih športnicah. Metode dela: Opravljen je bil pregled strokovnih in znanstvenih člankov v angleškem in francoskem jeziku. Iskanje literature je potekalo v knjižnicah preko interneta, po podatkovnih iskalnih bazah Pub Med, Pedro, Science Direct, Medline, Cochrane, Cobbis in Google Scholar, v obdobju med letoma 2002 in 2016. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 18 randomiziranih raziskav. Vse raziskave so ugotavljale pojavnost urinske inkontinence pri profesionalnih in rekreativnih športnicah. Urinska inkontinenca je v tej populaciji žensk prisotna v visokem odstotku. Pri visoko intenzivni športih, ki vključujejo poskoke, je višja kot pri nizko intenzivnih. Kihanje, kašljanje in smejanje so najpogostejše dnevne aktivnosti, ki izzovejo nehoteno uhajanje seča. Ženske se poslužujejo različnih metod za zmanjševanje nehotenega uhajanja seča med telesno dejavnostjo. Razprava in zaključek: Posamezne raziskave so prikazovale različne odstotke pojavljanja simptomov urinske inkontinence, na kar so vplivale vrsta športa, pogostost in količina udejstvovanja v športu. Na podlagi pregledanih raziskav smo lahko zaključili, da ima telesna dejavnost velik vpliv na pojav oziroma poslabšanje simptomov urinske inkontinence.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, urinska inkontinenca, telesna dejavnost, visoko intenzivni šport, mišice medeničnega dna
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [T. Grudnik]
• Leto izida: 2017
• Št. strani: 39 str., [17] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-91106
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5238379
• Datum objave v RUL: 20.03.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The incidence of urinary incontinence in both professional and recreational sportswomen : literature review

Izvleček

Introduction: international association of urinary incontinence (ICS) defines urinary incontinence as involuntary leakage of urine to such an extent, that it present hygiene, social and financial problem. It occurs in 10–55 % of women aged 15–64 years. The interaction between the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments provides support to the authorities in the pelvis. Physical activity prevents the emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases, osteoporosis and positive effect on physical and mental health. Strenuous physical activity is one of the main factors that cause dysfunction of the pelvic floor, which resulted, inter alia, urinary incontinence .Objectives: The purpose of the study is to review the existing technical and scientific literature to determine the incidence of urinary incontinence and the effect of exercise on symptoms of urinary incontinence, in both professional and recreational sportswomen. Methods: There has been a review of technical and scientific articles in English and French. Literature search was conducted in libraries over the Internet, according to search data bases Pub Med, Pedro, Science Direct, Medline, Cochrane, Cobiss and Google Scholar. Studies from 2002 until 2016 were included. Results: 18 randomized surveys were included in this research. All surveys suggest the incidence of urinary incontinence in both professional and recreational sportswomen. Urinary incontinence in this population of women is present in a high percentage. In the high-intensity sports, including bouncing it is higher than the low-intensity. Sneezing, coughing and laughing are the most common daily activities that elicit an involuntary loss of urine. Women have different ways to reduce the involuntary leakage of urine during physical activity. Conclusion: Individual surveys have shown different percentages of symptoms of urinary incontinence, as an effect of the type of sport, the frequency and amount of participation in sport. On the basis of the reviewed surveys we can conclude that physical activity has a big impact on the emergence or worsening of symptoms of urinary incontinence.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, urinary incontinence, physical activity, high intensity sport, pelvic floor muscles