Pravica do pozabe

Kreča, Maja (author), Zagorc, Saša (mentor)

Pravica do pozabe je širši javnosti postala znana s sodbo Sodišča Evropske unije (SEU), ki je maja 2014 odločilo, da imajo posamezniki pod določenimi pogoji pravico od spletnih iskalnikov zahtevati izbris iskalnih zadetkov, ki se prikažejo pri iskanju po njihovem imenu. Poleg tega je bila aprila 2016 v EU sprejeta Splošna uredba o varstvu podatkov, ki pravico do pozabe izrecno določa. Predmetno delo poskuša ugotoviti, o kakšni pravici pravzaprav sploh govorimo, kaj pomeni za varstvo zasebnosti in osebnih podatkov v EU glede na obstoječo ureditev in na kakšen način bo vplivala na svobodo govora. Osrednja hipoteza je, da je bila pravica do pozabe v EU priznana s sodbo SEU, ki je bila nepričakovana. Čeprav pomeni pomemben prispevek k varstvu zasebnosti na internetu, povzroča tudi konflikt med svobodo govora in zasebnostjo. Ker pa je tehtanje temeljnih pravic prepuščeno v prvi vrsti zasebnim gospodarskim družbam (upravljavcem) in ne državnim organom, celovita obravnava nasprotujočih si pravic ni ustrezno zagotovljena ter učinkovita. V zvezi s samim konceptom te pravice je bilo ugotovljeno, da obstajajo zelo različne interpretacije, kaj sploh pomeni in kakšno poimenovanje je ustrezno. V EU se je razvijala predvsem skozi krovno pravico do zasebnosti, katere pomemben del je tudi pravica do varstva osebnih podatkov. Skozi predmetno nalogo je prikazano, da sodba SEU pomeni predvsem interpretacijo že obstoječih določb sekundarne zakonodaje in temeljnih pravic v EU. Hkrati je bila že v času odločanja SEU v zakonodajnem postopku nova uredba, ki pravico do pozabe izrecno ureja, zato tudi s tega vidika sama ideja pravice do pozabe ni bila popolnoma nova in nepričakovana. V zvezi z odnosom pravice do pozabe s svobodo govora nedvomno ne gre zanikati konflikta, ki obstaja med njima, vendar pa je na tej točki še težko zaključiti, kakšne posledice bo nanj pravica do pozabe dejansko imela. Kot izrazito problematična pa se je izkazala ureditev, po kateri tehtanje temeljnih človekovih pravic opravljajo zasebni subjekti, katerih primarni cilj je ustvarjanje dobička. Tridelna hipoteza je tako bila v večjem delu potrjena.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: pravica do pozabe, Google, zasebnost, varstvo osebnih podatkov, internet
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-91011
• COBISS.SI-ID: 15492689
• Publication date in RUL: 09.03.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Right to Be Forgotten

Abstract

The general public became aware of the right to be forgotten in May 2014 with the landmark ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) which held that individuals have the right, under certain conditions, to request search engines to remove links containing their personal information. In addition, the General Data Protection Regulation, which includes an explicit provision on the right to be forgotten, was adopted in April 2016. The aim of this thesis is to establish what this right represents, what it means for the protection of privacy and data protection in EU, and in what way will it affect freedom of speech. The hypothesis is that in the EU the right to be forgotten was recognised by the judgment of the CJEU, which was unexpected. Although the right to be forgotten is an important contribution to the protection of privacy on the Internet, it also creates a conflict between free speech and privacy. Balancing basic rights is left to private companies (controllers) and not to public authorities, which means that a comprehensive assessment of the conflicting rights is not carried out. The thesis concludes that there are very different interpretations of what the right to be forgotten means and what kind of terminology should be used in describing it. In the EU, the right to be forgotten has been developed through privacy and data protection law. In particular, the CJEU judgment means the interpretation of the existing provisions of secondary legislation and fundamental rights in the EU. Moreover, at the time of the CJEU was reaching its decision, the new data protection regulation, which includes a special provision on the right to be forgotten, had already been in the legislative procedure. The idea of the right to be forgotten was thus not entirely new, nor unexpected. With regard to the relationship between privacy and free speech, this thesis concludes that the conflict undoubtedly exists, but it is still difficult to determine the extent to which this occurs at this point. Finally, the regime under which the task of balancing fundamental human rights is delegated to private profit-seeking undertakings has proven to be particularly problematic. The three-part hypothesis was therefore largely confirmed.

• Keywords: right to be forgotten, Google, privacy, data protection, Internet