Učinki vibracije celega telesa na ravnotežje starejših odraslih : sistematični pregled literature

Novak, Sara (author), Rugelj, Darja (mentor), Weber, Daša (co-mentor)

Uvod: Naključni padci pri starostnikih predstavljajo pomemben javnozdravstveni, socialni in ekonomski izziv. Zaradi varnosti, dostopnosti se je vibracija celega telesa izkazala za potencialno novo terapijo za izboljšanje ravnotežja. Vibracija je mehanski dražljaj, za katerega je značilno nihajno gibanje, njeno intenzivnost določata frekvenca in amplituda. Namen: Na osnovi pregleda objavljene strokovne in znanstvene literature analizirati dokaze o učinkovitosti vibracije celega telesa. Metode dela: Uporabljena je opisna metoda s primerjavo različnih randomiziranih kliničnih raziskav. Iskanje člankov je potekalo v elektronski podatkovni bazi PubMed, članki so ocenjeni po PEDro lestvici. Iskanje literature je bilo omejeno na obdobje od leta 2005 do 2016. Rezultati: V sistematični pregled je bilo na podlagi vključitvenih kriterijev vključenih 9 raziskav. Vse raziskave so primerjale eksperimentalno skupino, ki je bila deležna vibracijske terapije najmanj dvakrat na teden, in kontrolno skupino, ki je dobila navodila, da nadaljuje z vsakodnevnimi aktivnostmi. Razprava in sklep: Rezultati so pokazali, da štiri raziskave poročajo o izboljšanju ravnotežja, pet pa jih navaja, da ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik med skupinama. Frekvence, ki so jih aplicirali, so med 5 in 35 Hz, amplitude vibracije med <0,1 in 4 mm. Dve raziskavi sta zabeležili tudi negativne učinke, kot so omotica, bolečine v križu, nogi in kolku ter hipertenzija. Kljub temu, da obstajajo dokazi za izboljšanje ravnotežja, je potrebno te rezultate kritično interpretirati, predvsem zaradi nedoslednih ugotovitev dosedanjih raziskav. Predlagajo se nadaljnje raziskave s skrbno dokumentiranim protokolom.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vibracije celega telesa, ravnotežje, starostniki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-89163
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5224811
• Publication date in RUL: 27.02.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of whole body vibration on balance in older adults : a systematic literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Falls among older adults present a significant medical, social and economic challenge. Growing efforts have been directed towards designing and implementing fall prevention programs. Recently, whole body vibration has been developed as a new modality in the field of physiotherapy. Vibration is a mechanical stimulus characterised by an oscillatory motion. The biomechanical variables that determine its intensity are the frequency and amplitude. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe whole body vibration as a therapy and determine whether it has positive effects on balance in older adults and if there are some adverse effects. Methods: We used the descriptive method of comparing different randomized controlled trials. A literature search was conducted using the Pubmed database and was limited from 2005 to 2016. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: 9 studies have been chosen to be a part of this systematic literature review. All studies compared the experimental group, who received vibration therapy at least twice a week and the control group, who were given the instruction to continue with their daily activities. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that four studies reported that balance of the subjects improved, while five state that there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Frequencies that were mostly used were between 5 and 35 Hz, the amplitude of vibration between <0.1 and 4 mm. Two studies also reported some adverse effects. Although there is evidence for an overall effect of WBV on balance, its impact is inconclusive and should be interpreted with caution. Further investigations with clearly stated protocols seem necessary to clarify the effects of vibration therapy in the elderly.

• Keywords: whole body vibration, postural control, elderly