Introduction: Jaundice is very common in the neonatal period. For most healthy and full-term newborn jaundice it is hardly noticeable and disappear in the first week of life. The imbalance between the formation of bilirubin and its conjugation and excretion of serum newborn can lead to very elevated bilirubin. Although the physiological jaundice is present in most healthy full-term newborns, there are many factors that can cause the development of pathologic jaundice and influence its duration. Early detection of jaundice is important that the newborn treated as soon as possible, if necessary. The most common form of treatment is treatment with phototherapy, with a border of bilirubin level opt for treatment with the fiberoptic pad. Today newborns leave the hospital very quickly, so jaundice may be seen as well at home. Here it is important to the education of health personnel at the primary level of health care and the parents as soon as possible to identify the signs of jaundice and correctly react. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to present the role of nurses in pathological neonatal jaundice. The importance of identification of jaundice, the proper protection of the newborn maintain body temperature, hydration and the importance of maintaining contact between newborn and mother only phototherapy. Methods: Descriptive method with scrutiny domestic and foreign literature and the substantive analysis of the data. The literature was searched from May to June 2016 using search MEDLINE and CINAHL, and using the browser COBISS.SI. Articles were limited to the Slovenian, English and Croatian, Limited were also on the professionalism and availability in the library and via remote access. All the items were available in full. Discussion and conclusion: In the treatment of jaundice with phototherapy it has a key role to play nurse. Its mission is to actively involve parents in health care. The mother of the newborn, which is phototherapy, needs professional help care; It is also necessary to allow the newborn and the mother as a more comfortable coexistence between the treatment of jaundice. It is also important that the medical personnel at the primary level sufficient knowledge of pathological jaundice in the newborn, so that we can quickly identify the signs of jaundice and proper and timely action
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