Uporaba testa za afazijo pri slovensko-italijanskih in italijansko-slovenskih dvojezičnih pacientih z Brocovo afazijo

Sever, Jožica (author), Ozbič, Martina (mentor)

Jezik je temeljno sredstvo sporazumevanja. Vsak človek uporablja jezik, ki je sestav elementov oziroma procesov. Fonem, grafem, beseda, branje, pisanje, razumevanje, ter mimika in kretnje so del našega jezika ... Oseba lahko govori en jezik (prvi ali materni jezik) ali pa več jezikov. Drugega jezika se lahko naučimo v otroštvu ali kasneje v odrasli dobi. Stopnja znanja obeh jezikov se od človeka do človeka razlikuje in se lahko z učenjem ter pravilno uporabo tudi izboljšuje. Če pa posameznik jezika ne uporablja, lahko njegovo znanje z leti upada. Obstajajo tudi različne bolezni, ki vplivajo na uporabo poznanih jezikov. Med najbolj značilne štejemo afazijo. To je motnja, ki nastane zaradi okvare določenega področja v možganih ali zaradi bolezni osrednjega živčevja. Najpogosteje se to zgodi zaradi možganske kapi, tumorjev ali možganskih poškodb, kot je udarec v glavo. Afazija je vezana na govorjeni jezik, ki je že razvit. Za tovrstno motnjo so značilne predvsem težave v tekočnosti govora. Resnost in obseg afazije sta odvisni od mesta poškodbe v možganih in njene težavnosti, predhodnega jezikovnega znanja ter osebnosti posameznika. Niti v dveh primerih se bolezen ne kaže na popolnoma enak način, vsakega prizadene nekoliko drugače. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge sem se osredotočila na štiri glavna področja, in sicer: nevrološki vidiki, nevrolingvistika, afazija ter slovensko-italijanska in italijansko-slovenska dvojezičnost. Glede na izbrano temo sem za empirični del uporabila test za afazijo pri dvojezičnih osebah (Bilingual Aphasia Test – BAT). Želela sem ugotoviti ustreznost testa glede na spol, starost in izobrazbo ter preveriti, ali se pri Brocovi afaziji (na frontalno-senčničnem režnju leve možganske poloble) določeno jezikovno področja bolje odziva v prednostnem ali drugem oziroma učnem jeziku. Testirala sem deset dvojezičnih oseb, starih med 55 in 80 let, ki so imele nevrološko okvaro na Brocovem področju ter živijo na dvojezičnem območju Slovenskega primorja. Z dobljenimi rezultati smo potrdili, da spol, materni jezik in jezik okolja ne vplivajo na izide BAT testa, da pa nanj vplivajo starost, težavnost poškodbe ter materni in učni jezik.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: skupinski narek
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-85870
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11187273
• Publication date in RUL: 20.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Use of the aphasia test with slovenian-italian and italian-slovenian bilingual patients with broca aphasia

Abstract

Language is a fundamental element of communication. Each person uses a language which is an assembly of elements and processes. Phoneme, grapheme, word, reading, writing, understanding and expressions and gestures are part of our language ... A person can only speak one language (the first or mother toung), or one can speak several languages. Other language can be learned in childhood or later on in adulthood. The degree of knowledge of two languages varies from person to person and can be improved with learning and proper use. Mother tongue and second language can be improved over time, but can also recede if it not used. Various diseases can also have an affect on use of already known languages. Among the most common is considered aphasia. This is a problem caused by the failure of certain areas in the brain or due to defect of the central nervous system. For the most part aphasia occures as a result of stroke and tumors, or brain damage, such as a blow to the head. Aphasia is constrained to the already developed spoken language. In aphasias are characterized in particular the problem of the flow of speech. Problems with words are common in aphasias … Severity and scope of the aphasia depends on the location and severity of brain injury, transitional language skills and personality of the individual. No two people with aphasia are identical, aphasia is different for everyone. In the theoretical part I focused on four main areas, namely: Neurology, Neurolinguistics, Aphasia and Slovenian-Italian and Italian-Slovenian bilingualism. Relating to the chosen theme I used empirical test for aphasia in bilingual persons (Bilingual Aphasia Test - BAT). I wanted to determine the suitability of the test according to gender, age and education, and to check whether the Broca's aphasia is determined linguistic areas to better respond in first language or in second language. I tested 10 bilingual persons aged 55 to 80 with damage in Broca's area living in a bilingual area of the Slovenian coast, who have had neurological impairment. Although The results we got confirmed that gender, first language and language of the environment does not affect the results of BAT test, we discovored that age and language of the education do have an influence on the results of BAT test.

• Keywords: group dictation