Uvajanje metodologije Scrum na večjem projektu: študija primera in analiza faktorjev sprejemljivosti

ŠTRUKELJ, NEŽA (avtor), Mahnič, Viljan (mentor)

Zahteve naročnikov pri razvoju informacijskih sistemov se danes pogosto in hitro spreminjajo, saj morajo slediti trgu oziroma potrebam svojih uporabnikov, temu pa mora slediti tudi razvoj informacijskih sistemov. Sodobni trendi priporočajo agilne metodologije, ki omogočajo iterativen in inkrementalen razvoj ter se prilagajajo spremembam zahtev v času razvoja. Naloga predstavlja študijo primera, v kateri analiziramo uvedbo metodologije Scrum na projektu, ki ga je za potrebe javne uprave izvajalo eno izmed večjih slovenskih podjetij za razvoj programske opreme. V tem primeru je šlo za prvo uporabo Scruma, zato je na eni strani posebna pozornost posvečena stopnji sprejetja posameznih praks, to je, do katere mere razvijalci obvladajo posamezne prakse po koncu projekta, in na drugi strani faktorjem, ki po mnenju razvijalcev najbolj vplivajo na uspešno uvedbo Scruma in njegovo dolgoročno sprejemljivost ter analizi pozitivnih in negativnih izkušenj/vidikov. Pri analizi stopnje sprejetja posamezne prakse smo se oprli na 6-stopenjski Kwon-Zmud-Cooperjev model sprejetja inovacije; pri identifikaciji najpomembnejših faktorjev na Rogersovo teorijo difuzije inovacije, za raziskavo pozitivnih in negativnih vidikov pa smo izvedli postmortem analizo. Dobljene rezultate smo primerjali še s sorodno študijo o uporabi Scruma v nemški zavarovalnici. Potrebne podatke smo zbrali z vprašalnikom, ki je bil sestavljen iz petih delov. V prvem delu so bila splošna vprašanja o anketirancu; v drugem so se vprašanja nanašala na stopnje sprejetja posameznih praks; v tretjem delu smo spraševali o faktorjih, ki vplivajo na sprejemljivost Scruma; četrti del je vseboval vprašanja za primerjavo s hipotezami Overhage-Schlaudererja in v zadnjem delu so bila vprašanja, ki so se nanašala na značilnosti projekta. Za potrditev oziroma razjasnitev rezultatov vprašalnika smo izvedli še delno strukturirane intervjuje. Ugotovili smo, da je nekatere stvari potrebno izboljšati, nekatere pa obdržati. Podali smo priporočila za izboljšanje izbire članov skupine Scrum, vključitev naročnika v proces Scruma, sprotno spremljanje poteka dela in ocenjevanje uporabniških zgodb. Stvari, ki jih je smiselno negovati tudi v prihodnje, so skupni prostori in sodobna infrastruktura, osebna in strokovna rast posameznika ter možnost dela po metodologiji Scrum tudi v prihodnje.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Scrum, agilni razvoj programske opreme, model sprejetja inovacije, teorija difuzije inovacije, DOI, postmortem analiza
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FRI - Fakulteta za računalništvo in informatiko
• Leto izida: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-83775
• Datum objave v RUL: 29.06.2016

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Introducing Scrum into a large project: a case study and analysis of the acceptance factors

Izvleček

Customers' requirements are changing often and quickly in the information system development nowadays accommodate to user’ needs and market change. Information system development should reflect this constant change too. Current trends in information system development recommend agile methodologies that enable iterative and incremental development and are adaptable to changes in requirements during development. This work presents a case study analysis of the introduction of the Scrum methodology on a public administration project carried out by one of the major Slovenian software development companies. This case was the first use of the Scrum methodology by the software development company. Therefore, special attention is paid, firstly, to the level of adoption of Scrum practices, which means the stage to which the developers assimilated each practice after the end of the project; and secondly to the factors with greatest impact on the successful introduction of Scrum and its long-term acceptability according to developers and analysis of the positive and negative experiences / aspects. To analyze the adoption stage of each practice, we used the 6-stages Kwon-Zmud-Cooper Innovation assimilation stages model. To identify the most important factors, we used the Rogers’ Diffusion of innovation theory. To study the positive and negative aspects, we performed a postmortem analysis. The results were compared with a similar study on the use of Scrum in a German insurance company. The data was collected by a questionnaire, which consisted of five parts. The first part included the general questions about the respondent. The questions in the second part referred to the degree of adoption of certain practices. In the third part we asked about the factors which influence long-term Scrum acceptance. The fourth part contained questions needed for a comparison with Overhage-Schlauderer hypotheses and the last part of the questionnaire included questions relating to the characteristics of the project. To confirm or clarify the results of the questionnaire semi-structured were carried out. It was established that some things need to be improved and others to be kept and maintained. Therefore, recommendations are provided for improving the selection process of the Scrum group members, the client inclusion in the Scrum process, monitoring workflow and user stories estimation. Things that should be nurtured in the future are a joint office and modern infrastructure, individual personal and professional growth and the possibility to work with Scrum methodology in the future.

• Ključne besede: Scrum, agile software development, Innovation assimilation stages, Diffusion of innovation theory, DOI, postmortem analysis