Analiza arhitekture spanja pri bolnikih po kapi v supratentorialnem delu in bolnikih po kapi v možganskem deblu

Kojadin, Tina (avtor), Dolenc-Grošelj, Leja (mentor), Rosipal, Roman (komentor)

Spanje je pomemben fiziološki proces za normalno delovanje telesa in kognicije. Med spanjem se frekvenca možganskih valov v posameznih fazah spreminja, kar je posledica aktivnosti v različnih predelih možganov. V različnih možganskih regijah lahko pride do poškodb po ishemični kapi, ki nastane zaradi strdka v krvnem pretoku, to pa vodi v pomanjkljivo oskrbo s kisikom in povzroči lezije v možganih. Študije so pokazale razlike v arhitekturi spanja med zdravimi v primerjavi z bolniki po možganski kapi, ki so bile opazne v daljšem času globokega spanca in krajšem času aktivnega spanca (REM – rapid eye movement sleep) pri bolnikih po možganski kapi. Na podlagi teh ugotovitev je cilj te študije analizirati proces arhitekture spanja med bolniki po možganski kapi v supratentorialnem delu in možganskem deblu. Glede na različne možganske regije, ki so bile prizadete od kapi, predvidevamo, da bodo zaradi nevroanatomsko različne prizadetosti posledično prisotne tudi razlike v arhitekturi spanja med obema skupinama bolnikov. Študija zajema 51 celonočnih polisomnografskih (PSG) posnetkov bolnikov po ishemični možganski kapi. Pri vseh bolnikih je bilo opravljeno slikanje možganov z magnetno resonančnim slikanjem (MRI) z namenom lociranja od kapi prizadetega območja. V študijo je bilo vključenih 43 bolnikov s kapjo v supratentorialnem delu in 8 bolnikov s kapjo v možganskem deblu. PSG posnetki so bili vidno analizirani na podlagi kriterijev Rechtschaffna in Kalesa (RKS, 1968) in kriterijev ameriške akademije za medicino spanja (AASM - American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2007). Faze spanja in ostali elementi arhitekture spanja so bili nato analizirani v programu Matlab R2014b v iskanju statistične pomembnosti. Študijo je odobrila etična komisija v Bratislavi. Rezultati raziskave nakazujejo statistično pomembno razliko v arhitekturi spanja pri bolnikih s kapjo v možganskem deblu v zmanjšani učinkovitosti spanja in latenci uspavanja v REM fazo v primerjavi z bolniki po možganski kapi v supratentorialih regijah. Glede na dobljene rezultate je mogoče sklepati, da različne možganske regije vplivajo na različne funkcije spanja.

• Jezik: Neznan jezik
• Ključne besede: arhitektura spanja
• Vrsta gradiva: Delo ni kategorizirano
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2015
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-80150
• COBISS.SI-ID: 10890313
• Datum objave v RUL: 26.01.2016

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Neznan jezik
• Naslov: The analysis of sleep architecture in patients after stroke in supratentorial region and in patients after stroke in brainstem

Izvleček

Sleep is an essential physiological process for normal functioning of the body and cognition while being awake. In sleep process the brain frequency is changing while going through sleep phases, which are associated with the activity in various brain regions. These brain regions can be damaged after an ischemic stroke, caused by the blockade in the blood vessel leading to lack of oxygen supply and producing lesions in brain areas, what results in a loss of brain function. As a consequence of a disorder like lesions in the brain, the brain functions are disrupted, what can affect the process of sleep. Studies show, that there are some differences in sleep patterns among healthy sleepers and subjects after stroke, showing that subjects after stroke spent more time in deep sleep and less in REM sleep in comparison with the healthy sleepers. Based on these findings the goal of this study is to analyze sleep architecture among patients after stroke depending on the brain area that was affected by stroke. Regarding to the brain region that was affected by the stroke, there could be some differences in sleep patterns among the patients that could indicate on the neuroanatomical importance on sleep process. There were 51 polysomnograpy (PSG) recording taken from patients after stroke for the study. In all patients the brain magnetic resonance (MRI) was performed to locate the stroke affected area. The points of interest were patients with effected supratentorial regions (43) and patients with stroke in brain stem (8 subjects). The task was to compare their sleep architecture and other sleep features like sleep efficiency, time in bed and awakenings with Matlab R2014b program and to search for statistical significance. All patients in the study provided informed consents and the study was approved by the Institutional ethics committee. The results are indicating on differences in the architecture of sleep in the patients with stroke in the brain stem, showing lower REM latency and lower efficiency then in the patients after stroke in supratentorial regions. These finding are providing evidence how different brain regions can affect different sleep features.

• Ključne besede: archiecture of sleep