O pomenu pravljic: reševanje otrokove stiske

Pavlič, Veronika (author), Saksida, Igor (mentor)

Pravljice so ena najstarejših literarnih zvrsti. Že samo dejstvo, da so se ohranile vse do danes, nam kaže, kako zelo pomembne so bile, in še vedno so, v življenju posameznika. Njen sociološki, psihološki, razvojni in vzgojno-izobraževalni pomen pomembno vpliva na otrokov celostni razvoj. Preko pravljic otroci, na njim najbolj prijazen način, odkrivajo življenjske resnice in si odgovarjajo na najrazličnejša vprašanja. S tem ko jih preko zgodbe uči, kaj je prav in kaj ne, pa pomembno vpliva tudi na otrokov moralni razvoj. V prvem delu diplomskega naloge sem se podrobno seznanila s pravljico. Najprej sem oprede-lila sam pojem pravljice, kdaj so se te prvič pojavile in kje, njeno delitev in nenazadnje njen pomen. Seveda je opredelitev pravljice in njena delitev bila temelj za moje nadaljnje razisko-vanje. Zanimal me je predvsem njen pomen na celosten otrokov razvoj. Pri tem sem opredelila psihološki, sociološki, razvojni in seveda tudi vzgojno-izobraževalni pomen pravljice. Otroci se na poti odraščanja srečujejo z veliko stiskami. Od vprašanj eksistencialne stiske, iskanja smisla, separacije od staršev, raznih kompleksov in nagnjen pa vse do stisk, ki jih sprožijo specifični dogodki (npr. smrt bližnjih, ločitev staršev). V teoretičnem delu sem se torej seznanila z vsemi razvojno pogojenimi procesi, prav tako pa me je zanimalo na kakšen način pravljice otrokom pri tem pomagajo. Pri analizi učnega načrta me je zanimalo v kolikšni meri pravljice, opredeljene v učnem načrtu za slovenski jezik, odgovarjajo na otrokove stiske in ali je temu posvečeno dovolj pozornosti. Raziskovalni del predstavlja projektno delo, pri katerem je bil moj glavni cilj ugotoviti stiske učencev in jih s pomočjo pravljic razrešiti ali pa vsaj malo ublažiti. Raziskovalni vzorec sta predstavljala dva razreda različnih osnovnih šol. 3. b je razred podružnične osnovne šole Vrh-polje, 2. a pa razred osnovne šole Bežigrad. Prvi del je bil namenjen ugotavljanju otrokovih stisk in je predstavljal mojo iztočnico za nadaljnje delo. V drugi učni uri sem namreč z učenci izvedla problemsko naravnano uro, pri kateri sem obravnavala pravljico s problemsko tematiko oziroma temo, ki učencem predstavlja največjo stisko. Pri obeh urah književnosti sem obravnavala pravljico kot zelo močno orodje, ki služi tako pri motivaciji kot tudi pri reševanju stisk. Veliko sem se na temo otrokove stiske pogovarjala tudi z obema razrednima učiteljica, zelo prijeten pogovor pa sva imeli tudi s šolsko specialno pedagoginjo osnovne šole Bežigrad, gospo Renato Himelrajh.

• Language: Unknown
• Keywords: pravljica
• Work type: Not categorized
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2015
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-72294
• COBISS.SI-ID: 10683721
• Publication date in RUL: 11.09.2015

Secondary language

• Language: Unknown
• Title: About the meaning of fairy tales: solving child's distress

Abstract

Fairly tails are one of the most antique literary genres. The fact that they are present for such a long time, show us how important they were, are still are in the life of every individual. It's sociological, psychological, developmental and educational approach has a very important role in the child’s integral development. Children are discovering life wisdoms on a very friendly way through fairy tales. Fairy tales teach children through the story what is right and what is wrong, which also strongly influences their moral development. In the first part of my thesis I tried to define fairy tales on many levels. First of all I wanted to know what a fairy tale actually is. Then I searched when and where it appeared for the first time. Also I learned how the fairy tales are divided into subgroups and how they differ between each other. All those main characteristic of the fairy tales were my starting point to get a bit deeper into the more development area. I defined the impact of fairy tale on sociological, psychological, developmental and educational level. The children are dealing with so many issues on the way to the adulthood. From existential crises, search of a life meaning, separation from parents, and many other distresses they deal with on a regular basis in the time of growing. Getting to know all the distresses the children are running into while they are growing up, I wanted to know how a fairy tale can help them to deal with it better. I also analysed national curriculum. I focused on the fairy tales that contain the content which helps children to deal with all the problems of growing up. Also my aim was to find out if there is enough importance dedicated to this type of literature. My research work was based on the theoretical knowledge I gained by writing the first part of thesis. My main goal was to find out the crises children are dealing with and afterwards trying to solve them, using a fairy tale as a tool. My research sample presented two schools, Elementary School Vrhpolje and Elementary School Bežigrad. In both classes I spend two hours in which I used fairy tale as a very strong tool. In the first one I used it as a motivation and in the second one as a main tool in the process of resolving children distresses. I also had a chance to speak with both teachers and with special pedagogue, Miss Renata Himelrajh, about children, their distresses and the meaning of the fairy tales on their development.

• Keywords: fairy tale