Main phases of wood formation in chestnut (Castanea sativa) in Central Italy : comparison of seasons 2008 and 2009

Romagnoli, Manuela (author), Cherubini, Martina (author), Prislan, Peter (author), Gričar, Jožica (author), Čufar, Katarina (author), Spina, Stefano (author)

We present wood formation in chestnut (Castanea sativa) during the growing seasons 2008 and 2009, compare its dynamics in the two years and discuss possible effects on wood quality. To this purpose, microcores containing wood, cambium and phloem were collected at weekly intervals from 10 chestnut trees growing at the Cimini mountains near Viterbo, Central Italy. In 2008, the onset of wood formation started before the first sampling on 17 April 2008. Onset of lignifi cation of the fi rst formed vessels was observed around 23 April (day of the year DOY 113.8 ± 5.3) and the fi rst latewood vessels were observed around 5 June 2008 (DOY 156.5 ± 7.7). Latewood formation continued until 29 September 2008 (DOY 273.9 ± 10.5) when the terminal cells of the newly formed xylem ring were fully lignifi ed. In 2009, the main phases of wood formation generally occurred earlier than in 2008. The expansion of earlywood vessels was observed around 10 April (DOY 99.7 ± 6.1), the onset of lignifi cation around 22 April (DOY 111.9 ± 7.4) and the first latewood vessels around 28 May 2009 (DOY 147.9 ± 4.7). Lignifi cation of the last formed cells was completed by 26 September 2009 (DOY 273.9 ± 10.5). The average duration of tree-ring formation was 161 days in 2008 and 169 days in 2009, the average ring widths were 3296 ± 1514 μm in 2008 and 3166 ± 1073 μm in 2009, and latewood percentages comprised 76% and 74% of the 2008 and 2009 tree-rings, respectively. The small differences in timing of wood formation phases in the two study years are probably due to small variations in climatic conditions between the two years and they did not seem to have a major impact on ring widths and latewood percentages, which are two important parameters affecting wood quality in ring porous wood species.

• Language: English
• Keywords: Castanea sativa, sweet chestnut, Central Italy, wood formation, wood quality
• Work type: Scientific work
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: Šumarski fakultet, Sveučilišta u Zagrebu: Hrvatsko šumarsko društvo
• Year: 2011
• Number of pages: Str. 269-275
• Numbering: Vol. 62, no. 4
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-68588
• UDC: 630*811.1
• ISSN on article: 0012-6772
• DOI: 10.5552/drind.2011.1124
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1984905
• Publication date in RUL: 10.07.2015

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Drvna industrija : scientific journal of wood technology = znanstveni časopis za pitanja drvne tehnologije
• Shortened title: Drv. ind.
• Publisher: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology
• ISSN: 0012-6772
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2858754

Secondary language

• Language: Serbian
• Title: Glavne faze razvoja drva pitomog kestena (Castanea sativa) u središnjoj Italiji – usporedba sezone 2008 i 2009

Abstract

Rad obrađuje stvaranje drva pitomog kestena (Castanea sativa) tijekom vegetacije u 2008. i 2009. godini. Uspoređuje se dinamika stvaranja drva u te dvije godine i raspravlja o mogućem utjecaju na njegovu kvalitetu. Za tu su svrhu s deset stabala pitomog kestena u planinama Cimini, pokraj mjesta Viterbo u središnjoj Italiji, u tjednim intervalima skupljeni mikroizvrtci koji su sadržavali drvo, kambij i fl oem. Početak stvaranja drva u 2008. godini dogodio se prije uzimanja prvih uzoraka 17. travnja 2008. Početak lignifi kacije prvooblikovanih traheja primijećen je oko 23. travnja (dan u godini DOY 113,8 ± 5,3), a prve traheje kasnog drva primijećene su oko 5. lipnja (DOY 156,5 ± 7,7). Stvaranje kasnog drva nastavljeno je do 29. rujna 2008. (DOY 273,9 ± 10,5), kad su završne stanice novostvorenoga goda drva bile potpuno lignifi cirane. U 2009. godini glavne su se faze stvaranja drva uglavnom pojavile ranije nego u 2008. godini. Širenje traheja ranog drva primijećeno je oko 10. travnja (DOY 99,7 ± 6,1), početak lignifi kacije oko 22. travnja (DOY 111,9 ± 7,4), a prve traheje kasnog drva oko 28. svibnja 2009. (DOY 147,9 ± 4,7). Lignifi kacija zadnjih proizvedenih stanica završena je do 26. rujna 2009.(DOY 273,9 ± 10,5). Prosječno trajanje stvaranja goda drva u 2008. godini iznosilo je 161 dan, a u 2009. godini 169 dana. Prosječne širine godova bile su 3296 ± 1514 μm u 2008. godini i 3166 ± 1073 μm u 2009. godini, a postotni udjel kasnog drva iznosio je 76 i 74% godova u 2008., odnosno u 2009. godini. Male razlike u vremenu početka pojedine faza stvaranja drva u dvjema promatranim godinama vjerojatno su posljedica malih varijacija klimatskih uvjeta između te dvije godine i čini se da nemaju velik utjecaj na širinu godova ni na postotak kasnog drva, a to su dva važna čimbenika koji utječu na kvalitetu drva prstenasto poroznih vrsta.

• Keywords: Castanea sativa, navadni kostanj, srednja Italija, nastajanje lesa, kvaliteta lesa