Razprave o kvotah v slovenskem parlamentu : obravnave Zakona o političnih strankah in Zakona o enakih možnostih žensk in moških

Gortnar, Maruša (author)

Uvedba kvot oziroma posebnih ukrepov za spodbujanje uravnotežene zastopanosti žensk in moških v političnem odločanju je tema, ki med slovenskimi parlamentarci in parlamentarkami buri duhove že celo desetletje. Kljub temu, da je problem neuravnotežene zastopanosti spolov splošno prepoznan med slovenskimi politiki in političarkami, pa se izraz "kvota" le redko uporablja, tako med zagovorniki kot nasprotniki uvedbe ukrepov, ki bi zmanjševali razlike v prisotnosti žensk in moških v političnem odločanju. V članku analiziram parlamentarne razprave v obdobju od leta 1994 do 2002, ko so potekale debate o spremembah Zakona o političnih strankah ter o Zakonu o enakih možnostih žensk in moških. Predlagane spremembe Zakona o političnih strankah bi zavezovale politične stranke, da v svojih statutih določijo postopke in ukrepe za zagotavljanje enakih možnosti spolov pri kandidiranju za volitve, vendar pa je bil predlog leta 2000 zavrnjen. Leta 2002 pa je bil sprejet Zakon o enakih možnostih žensk in moških, ki opredeljuje posebne ukrepe in definira uravnoteženo zastopanost (najmanj 40 odstotno zastopanost enega spola), vendar pa te ukrepe uvaja kot priporočljive in ne kot pravno obvezujoče ukrepe. Na podlagi analize razprav poslank in poslancev v državnem zboru ter opravljenih anket z nekaterimi od njih ugotavljam glavne argumente za in proti kvotam, kot pozitivnemu ukrepu ter glavne razloge za neuspeh poskusov uvedbe zakonsko zavezujočih ukrepov za povečanje deleža žensk v političnem odločanju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Work type: Not categorized
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
• Year: 2004
• Number of pages: Str. 1034-1050
• Numbering: Letn. 41, št. 5/6
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-22408
• UDC: 316.34
• ISSN on article: 0040-3598
• COBISS.SI-ID: 23393629
• Publication date in RUL: 11.07.2014

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Teorija in praksa : revija za družbena vprašanja
• Shortened title: Teor. praksa
• Publisher: Visoka šola za politične vede, Visoka šola za politične vede, Visoka šola za sociologijo, politične vede in novinarstvo, Fakulteta za sociologijo, politične vede in novinarstvo, Fakulteta za družbene vede
• ISSN: 0040-3598
• COBISS.SI-ID: 763652

Secondary language

• Language: Unknown

Abstract

Introduction of quotas or specific measures for promoting balanced representation of women and men in political decision-making is a hot issue among Slovenian members of parliament for the whole decade. Although they are generally aware of the problem of unbalanced representation of both sexes, they rarely use the term "quota". This goes for both, opponents and advocates of measures, which would reduce differences between women and men in political decision-making. The author analyses parliamentary debates in the period from 1994 to 2002, when the Act on equal opportunities for women and men and changes in the Act on political parties were discussed. The proposed changes in the Act on political parties would bind political parties to definein their statutes the procedures and measures for promoting equal opportunities of both sexes when preparing a list of candidates for elections. However, the proposal was rejected in 2000. The Act on equal opportunities of women and men adopted in 2000, defines special measures and a balanced representation (at least 40% representation of one sex), however these special measures are introduced as recommended and not obligatory. On the basis of analysis of discussion in Slovenian parliament and conducted survey with some members of the parliament, the author states the main arguments for and against quotas as positive measure, and main reasons for not succeeding in promoting legally obligatory measures for increasing the share of women in political decision-making.