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Responses of parasitic nematodes to volatile organic compounds emitted by Brassica nigra roots
ID Laznik, Žiga (Author), ID Tóth, Tímea (Author), ID Szabolcs, Ádám (Author), ID Trdan, Stanislav (Author), ID Majić, Ivana (Author), ID Lakatos, Tamás (Author)

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Abstract
Parasitic nematodes, particularly those in the Rhabditidae family, are vital components of belowground ecosystems, contributing to pest regulation and sustainable agriculture. This study investigated the chemotactic responses of three nematode species—Phasmarhabditis papillosa, Oscheius myriophilus, and O. onirici—to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by Brassica nigra roots under herbivory by Delia radicum larvae. Using a chemotaxis assay, the effects of five VOCs (dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, allyl isothiocyanate, phenylethyl isothiocyanate, and benzonitrile) were tested at two concentrations (pure and 0.03 ppm) and two temperatures (18 ◦C and 22 ◦C). The results revealed that VOCs and temperature significantly influenced nematode responses, while nematode species and VOC concentration showed limited effects. Benzonitrile consistently demonstrated strong chemoattractant properties, particularly for O. myriophilus and O. onirici. Conversely, allyl isothiocyanate exhibited potent nematicidal effects, inhibiting motility and causing mortality. Dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl sulfide elicited moderate to strong attractant responses, with species- and temperature-dependent variations. Significant interactions between VOCs, temperature, and nematode species highlighted the complexity of these ecological interactions. These findings emphasize the ecological roles of VOCs in mediating nematode behavior and their potential applications in sustainable pest management. Benzonitrile emerged as a promising candidate for nematode-based biocontrol strategies, while allyl isothiocyanate showed potential as a direct nematicidal agent. The study underscores the importance of integrating chemical cues into pest management systems to enhance agricultural sustainability and reduce reliance on chemical pesticides.

Language:English
Keywords:parasitic nematodes, Phasmarhabditis papillosa, Oscheius myriophilus, Oscheius onirici, chemotaxis, volatile organic compounds, benzonitrile, phenylethyl isothiocyanate, belowground interactions
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2025
Number of pages:14 str.
Numbering:Vol. 15, iss. 3, art. 664
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-167736 This link opens in a new window
UDC:632
ISSN on article:2073-4395
DOI:10.3390/agronomy15030664 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:228412163 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:10.03.2025
Views:41
Downloads:15
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Agronomy
Shortened title:Agronomy
Publisher:MDPI AG
ISSN:2073-4395
COBISS.SI-ID:522953241 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:parazitske ogorčice, polži, kemotaksija, hlapne organske spojine, hlapni izločki, obramba rastline, biotično varstvo rastlin, benzonitril, feniletil izotiocianat

Projects

Funder:ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
Project number:J4-50135
Name:Pomen hlapnih izločkov izbranih vrtnin pri posredni obrambi rastlin pred polži

Funder:ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
Project number:P4-0431
Name:Kmetijstvo naslednje generacije

Funder:Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food of Phytosanitary Administration of the Republic of Slovenia
Name:Professional Tasks from the Field of Plant Protection

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