A heuristic approach to energy efficient user association in ultra-dense HetNets using intermittent scheduling strategies

Dobruna, Jeta (author), Fazliu, Zana L. (author), Maloku, Hena (author), Volk, Mojca (author)

The ultra-dense deployment of pico cells in 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets) has raised serious concerns regarding interference and energy consumption. Both industry and academia are focusing on enhancing network energy efficiency (EE) while maintaining satisfactory quality of service (QoS) levels. However, finding an optimal solution to NEE is very challenging, especially in ultra-dense HetNets. Here, a user association and power management algorithm is presented that follows a heuristic approach and aims to maximize EE while satisfying other network requirements. The proposed algorithm associates users based on criteria that consider the users’ EE and minimizes energy consumption by intermittently switching into sleep mode base stations with the highest impact on overall network EE. The performance of this solution is evaluated in a realistic multi-cell two-tier scenario considering both co-tier and cross-tier interference by comparing it with two other solutions: a heuristic approach based on standardized eICIC, and an optimization approach based on Lagrangian dual decomposition. The simulation results show that our solution outperforms benchmarking solutions in terms of EE, average user rate, and network throughput while minimizing energy consumption.

• Language: English
• Keywords: 5G, HetNet, heterogeneous networks, energy efficiency
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: Str. 1079-1088
• Numbering: Vol. 18, iss. 17
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-167551
• UDC: 621.39
• ISSN on article: 1751-8628
• DOI: 10.1049/cmu2.12816
• COBISS.SI-ID: 206870275
• Publication date in RUL: 27.02.2025

DOBRUNA, Jeta, FAZLIU, Zana L., MALOKU, Hena and VOLK, Mojca, 2024, A heuristic approach to energy efficient user association in ultra-dense HetNets using intermittent scheduling strategies. IET communications [online]. 2024. Vol. 18, no. 17, p. 1079–1088. [Accessed 14 April 2025]. DOI 10.1049/cmu2.12816. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=167551

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: IET communications
• Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
• ISSN: 1751-8628
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5848148

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
• Description: A creative commons license that bans commercial use, but the users don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: 5G, HetNet, heterogena omrežja, energetska učinkovitost

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P2-0425
• Name: Decentralizirane rešitve za digitalizacijo industrije ter pametnih mest in skupnosti