Bystander effect of metal byproducts released from electroporated cells after electroporation in vitro

Maček Lebar, Alenka (avtor), Potočnik, Tjaša (avtor), Ščančar, Janez (avtor), Marković, Stefan (avtor), Polajžer, Tamara (avtor)

Electrodes dissolution during electroporation releases metal ions into the medium, altering the microenvironment of electroporated cells and allowing metal ions to penetrate cell membrane. During cell membrane repair, homeostasis restoration or activation of cell death pathways, cells eliminate excess metals from the cytoplasm and membrane. This study assessed the effects of post-electroporation metal byproducts on untreated (nonelectroporated) cells in vitro. CHO and HCT116 cells were electroporated with three pulse protocols (unipolar: 100 $\mu$s, 5 ms; bipolar: 2 $\mu$s) using either aluminum or stainless-steel electrodes. After electroporation, cells were transferred to fresh growth medium and incubated for 2 or 4 h. Incubation period allowed either cell recovery or the activation of cell death pathways, leading to the accumulation of metal byproducts in the incubation medium. Stainless-steel electrodes with the 5 ms pulse protocol caused a considerable increase in iron, chromium and nickel ions in incubation medium compared to aluminum electrodes or other protocols. Metal ions in incubation medium caused toxicity in non-electroporated cells, disrupting cell cycle function or inducing cell death. The observed toxicity results from combined effects of metal ions on cellular functions and the mechanisms the cells use to protect themselves from metal overload.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: pulsed electric fields, stainless-steel electrodes, aluminum cuvettes, electrode dissolution
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 15 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 164, art. 108940
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-167497
• UDK: 602.621
• ISSN pri članku: 1567-5394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.108940
• COBISS.SI-ID: 227225859
• Datum objave v RUL: 25.02.2025

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Bioelectrochemistry
• Založnik: Elsevier
• ISSN: 1567-5394
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2502484

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: pulzna električna polja, elektrode iz nerjavečega jekla, aluminijaste kivete, raztapljanje elektrode

Projekti

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0249
• Naslov: Elektroporacija v biologiji, biotehnologiji in medicini

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: I0-0022
• Naslov: Mreža raziskovalnih infrastrukturnih centrov Univerze v Ljubljani (MRIC UL)