Značilnosti rabe travinja na kmetiji Močnik

Močnik, Maja (author), Vidrih, Matej (mentor)

Na živinorejsko mešani kmetiji Močnik v Velikem Hribu pri Lazah v Tuhinju (lat. 46°13' S long. 14°46' V, alt. 610 m) smo v letu 2022 izvedli travniško raziskavo z namenom, da ugotovimo, kakšni sta floristična in botanična sestava, kako različna sta pridelek in kakovost zelinja travne ruše in uporabnost aplikacije satelitskega spremljanja površin za namen izdelave zemljevida potencialne rasti. Travniki kmetije so bili razdeljeni na šest enot glede na pridelovalno prakso, nagib terena in kakovost tal. Za vsako enoto posebej je bila travna ruša spomladi ocenjena z vidika floristične sestave in sestave funkcionalnih skupin. Na večini travniških enot poteka gnojenje z zmernimi odmerki živinskih gnojil. Letni pridelek suhe snovi na preučevanih travniških enotah v vseh treh košnjah je znašal od najmanj 0,50 t/ha (Reber hrib) do največ 12,24 t/ha (Reber ravnina). Ob 1. košnji je bil največji pridelek (8,58 t/ha) na enoti Reber ravnina in najmanjši pridelek (0,29 t/ha) na enoti Reber hrib. Ob 2. košnji je največji pridelek (3,66 t/ha) dosegla enota Reber ravnina in najmanjšega (0,18 t/ha) enota Osovje. Ob 3. košnji je največji pridelek dala enota Brsevnica, sledila je enota Močile in najmanjšega smo določili na enoti Osovje. Kakovost krme je bila zelo različna in je bila pri neto energiji za laktacijo med 4,6 MJ/ kg SS in 5,8 MJ/ kg SS ter pri surovih beljakovinah med 95 in 129 g/ kg SS. Med funkcionalnimi skupinami so prevladovale trave (45,2-74,3 %), nekaj manj je bilo zeli (9,1-72,0 %) in najmanj metuljnic (1,2-25 %). Število vrst se je po travniških enotah gibalo med 16 in 35 in pestrost ruše (Shannonov indeks) je bila med 1,00 in 1,98.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: travinje, kmetija Močnik, pridelek, kakovost, botanična sestava
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-164858
• COBISS.SI-ID: 214939139
• Publication date in RUL: 14.11.2024

MOČNIK, Maja, 2024, Značilnosti rabe travinja na kmetiji Močnik [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 22 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=164858

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Grassland management characteristics on Močnik farm

Abstract

On the mixed livestock farm Močnik in Veliki Hrib pri Lazah in Tuhinj (lat. 46°13' N long. 14°46' E, alt. 610 m) we conducted survey in 2022 with the aim of what the floristic and botanical composition is, how different the yield and quality of herbage are, and the usage of a satellite surface monitoring application for the purpose of mapping potential crop growth. The grasslands were divided into six units based on cultivation practices, terrain slope and soil characteristics. For each unit separately, the grassland was evaluated in the spring for the purpose of floristic and botanical composition. Most meadow units are fertilized with moderate doses of animal manure. The annual dry matter yield on the studied meadow units in all three cuttings ranged from a minimum of 0.50 t/ha (Reber hrib) to a maximum of 12.24 t/ha (Reber ravnina). At the 1st cut, the highest yield (8.58 t/ha) was on the Reber ravnina and the lowest yield (0.29 t/ha) on the Reber hrib. At the 2nd cut, the highest yield (3.66 t/ha) was achieved by the Reber ravnina unit and the smallest (0.18 t/ha) by the Osovje unit. At the 3rd cut, the highest yield was on unit Brsevnica (0.54 t/ha), followed by unit Močile (0.46 t/ha) and the lowest yield was recorder on unit Osovje (0,11 tha). Forage quality was very different and was between 4.56 MJ/kg DM and 6.3 MJ/kg DM for net energy of lactation and between 95 and 129 g/kg DM for crude protein. Grasses were the dominant functional group, accounting for 45.2% to 74.3%, followed by herbs, which ranged from 9.1% to 72.0%. Legumes were the least prevalent, comprising only 1.2% to 25%.The number of species ranged from 16 to 35 per meadow unit, and Shannon's diversity index was between 1.00 and 1.98.

• Keywords: grassland, Močnik farm, herbage yield, nutritive value, botanical composition