Psihosocialna podpora in pomoč gasilcem Prostovoljnega gasilskega društva Litija po zahtevnih intervencijah

Žitnik, Saša (author), Mešl, Nina (mentor)

V magistrskem delu sem raziskovala psihosocialno podporo in pomoč prostovoljnim gasilcem (v nadaljevanju gasilci) PGD Litija ob najzahtevnejših intervencijah. Zanimalo me je, kako gasilci doživljajo omenjene intervencije in se odzivajo nanje ter kakšne oblike psihosocialne podpore in pomoči uporabljajo. Ob tem sem raziskovala vlogo samopomoči in preventive. Zanimala me je tudi vloga gasilskih zaupnikov in kako njihovo delo doživljajo sodelujoči gasilci v raziskavi. V teoretičnem delu sem opisala gasilstvo, kaj pomenita zahtevna intervencija in nesreča, nastanek stresa in travme ter psihosocialno podporo in pomoč, ki je na voljo, s poglobljenim pogledom na gasilske zaupnike. Omenjene tematike sem povezala tudi s socialnim delom. Gasilci vsak dan doživljajo različne travmatične dogodke ob posredovanju na najrazličnejših intervencijah. Pomembno je, da ob takih dogodkih poskrbijo zase, najprej skozi tehnike samopomoči in preventive, nato pa po potrebi tudi z uporabo strokovne psihosocialne pomoči, ki je na voljo za prve posredovalce. V sklopu magistrskega dela sem izvedla kvalitativno raziskavo. Ob pomoči polstrukturiranega intervjuja sem opravila osem intervjujev, kjer sem pridobila dragoceno gradivo za analizo. Gradivo sem kvalitativno analizirala s postopkom odprtega in osnega kodiranja. Ugotovila sem, da so za gasilce najzahtevnejše intervencije prometne nesreče, nesreča poznane osebe, nesreča s smrtnim izidom, delo s ponesrečenci in oživljanje. Takšne intervencije doživljajo zelo različno, vsak posameznik ima tudi svoje načine spoprijemanja s travmatično izkušnjo (z glasbo, športom, pogovorom itd.). Sodelujoči gasilci poznajo vsaj eno od oblik psihosocialne podpore in pomoči, največkrat so omenjali pogovor v društvu ali psihološko pomoč strokovnjaka. Z gasilskimi zaupniki nimajo izkušenj, prav tako ne poznajo preventivnih programov, ki so jim na voljo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gasilstvo, psihosocialna podpora in pomoč, stres in travma, intervencije, nesreče
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-164723
• Publication date in RUL: 08.11.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Psychosocial Support and Assistance to Volunteer Firefighters in Voluntary Fire Brigade Litija after Difficult Interventions

Abstract

In my master's thesis, I researched psychosocial support and assistance for volunteer firefighters (hereafter referred to as firefighters) of PGD Litija during the most challenging interventions. I was interested in how firefighters experience and respond to these interventions, as well as what forms of psychosocial support and assistance they use. Additionally, I explored the role of self-help and prevention. I was also interested in the role of firefighter confidants and how their work is experienced by firefighters who participated in the study. In the theoretical part, I described firefighting, what constitutes a challenging intervention and an accident, the development of stress and trauma, and the psychosocial support and assistance available, focusing on firefighter confidants. I also connected these topics with social work. Firefighters regularly encounter various traumatic events while responding to a wide range of interventions. In such situations, it is important that they take care of themselves, first through self-help and preventive techniques, and then, if necessary, by utilizing professional psychosocial support available to first responders. As a part of my master's thesis, I performed a qualitative study. Using semi-structured interviews, I conducted eight interviews through which I gathered valuable material for analysis. I analyzed the material qualitatively, using the process of open and axial coding. I found that the most challenging interventions for firefighters include traffic accidents, accidents involving a known person, accidents with fatalities, dealing with injured individuals, and resuscitation. Firefighters experience these interventions very differently, and each individual has their ways of coping with traumatic experiences (e.g., through music, sports, conversation, etc.). The participating firefighters are familiar with at least one form of psychosocial support and assistance, most often mentioning discussions within the organization or psychological help provided by a professional. They have no experience with firefighter confidants and are also unaware of the preventive programs available to them.

• Keywords: firefighting, psychosocial support and assistance, stress and trauma, interventions, accidents