Introduction: The environmental impact of healthcare activities has become a critical
concern as the sector significantly contributes to environmental degradation through
greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and waste generation. This burden
exacerbates the global climate crisis and threatens public health, emphasizing the need for
sustainable practices in healthcare. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to
assess the environmental impact of healthcare systems and explore the potential for
integrating sustainable practices, with a specific focus on the role of nurses in promoting
sustainability. Methods: A descriptive literature review was conducted, utilizing sources
from databases such as Medline, Science Direct, and PubMed. The search was conducted
using key terms related to sustainability in healthcare, only English literature was included.
Results: The review identified significant environmental challenges in healthcare,
particularly in waste generation, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
Sustainable strategies, including waste management, renewable energy adoption and digital
health technologies were highlighted as effective measures. The key role of nurses in
implementing sustainable practices was also emphasized, though barriers such as lack of
training and institutional support were noted. Discussion and conclusion: The literature
review highlights the urgent need for integrating sustainable practices in healthcare systems
to mitigate their environmental impact. While the role of nurses is critical, challenges such
as insufficient institutional support must be addressed. Future research should focus on
empirical studies and practical solutions to support sustainability efforts. The successful
implementation of sustainable practices not only benefits the environment but also reduces
healthcare costs, offering a dual advantage.
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