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Aquinas on the being in God and in proper nature
ID Roszak, Piotr (Author)

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Abstract
Among the many debates concerning God’s relation to the world, the teaching of the existence of the idea of created beings in the eternal Word is noteworthy. This brings the question of exemplarity, which denotes not only the similarity of the effect to the cause, but also the asymmetrical relationship that exists between the Creator and creation, which is one of transcendence. This opens up the question of how creatures exist in their own nature and what epistemological significance it has to know things in the light of the Word. God is not the first but the last object of human knowledge. For Thomas Aquinas, this opens up a number of interesting questions about the cognition of things in God, and thus guides soteriological and eschatological reflection. For Aquinas, being in God would mean that there is dependence in existence because God conserves the esse of all things, but also that the creature is related to the divine essence when it is in God as in the power of the agent or as in the knower. At the same time, although the existence in God, first as an idea, is more perfect, because of God’s perfection, nevertheless, to exist in own nature is more perfect from another perspective. This seems to be a very important claim against the occasionalist approach, according to which a being does not have its own nature because God acts in its place. For Aquinas, God’s respect for the nature of created beings marked the proper understanding of divine action in the world.

Language:English
Keywords:Divine ideas, intellect, will, exemplarism, soteriology
Work type:Article
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:TEOF - Theological Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Publication date:01.01.2023
Year:2023
Number of pages:Str. 567-579
Numbering:Letn. 83, [št.] 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-164202 This link opens in a new window
UDC:27-185.5
ISSN on article:0006-5722
DOI:10.34291/BV2023/03/Roszak This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:179188739 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:17.10.2024
Views:78
Downloads:10
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Bogoslovni vestnik : glasilo Teološke fakultete v Ljubljani
Shortened title:Bogosl. vestn.
Publisher:Teološka fakulteta
ISSN:0006-5722
COBISS.SI-ID:8745472 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Akvinski o biti v Bogu in lastni naravi
Abstract:
Med številnimi razpravami o Božjem odnosu do sveta velja omeniti nauk o obstoju ideje o ustvarjenih bitjih v večni Besedi. S tem se poraja vprašanje eksemplarizma, ki ne označuje le podobnosti učinka z vzrokom, temveč tudi asimetrično razmerje, ki obstaja med Stvarnikom in transcendentnim stvarstvom. To odpira vprašanje, kako stvarstva obstajajo v svoji lastni naravi in kakšen epistemološki pomen ima spoznavanje stvari v luči Besede. Bog ni prvi, temveč zadnji predmet človeškega spoznanja. Za Tomaža Akvinskega to odpira številna zanimiva vprašanja o spoznavanju stvari v Bogu in usmerjanju soteriološkega in eshatološkega razmisleka. Biti v Bogu bi za Akvinskega pomenilo, da v obstoju obstaja odvisnost, ker Bog ohranja esse vseh stvari – pa tudi, da je bitje povezano z Božjim bistvom, kadar je v Bogu kot v moči agensa ali kot v spoznavalcu. Hkrati je sicer obstoj v Bogu (najprej kot ideja) popolnejši zaradi Božje popolnosti, vendar pa je obstoj v lastni naravi popolnejši z drugega vidika. Zdi se, da je to proti okazionalističnem pristopu – po katerem bitje nima lastne narave, ker namesto njega deluje Bog – zelo pomembna trditev. Za Akvinskega je Božje spoštovanje narave ustvarjenih bitij zaznamovalo pravilno razumevanje Božjega delovanja v svetu.

Keywords:Božje ideje, razum, volja, eksemplarizem, soteriologija

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