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Tobit’s penitential prayer
ID Skralovnik, Samo (Author)

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Abstract
The penitential prayer, first found in The Book of Ezra, belongs to a tradition that goes back to Deuteronomy, which describes how Israel found itself in the exile because of its sins and how salvation can come only through the repentance of the nation. The key element for understanding the development of the tradition of penitential prayer is found in the text 1 Kings 8 in which the author, by re-interpreting Deuteronomy, develops the idea that a penitential prayer is the answer to the given demand for repentance. This answer, which is especially focused on the absence of the temple, is adapted to and created for the exile circumstances, in which the temple gets a different role, namely, it becomes a place of prayer and not of sacrifice. Penitential prayer becomes a new, »institutional« form of penitence, which the nation has to undergo for their sins. The major stumbling block to this logic is the suffering of the righteous, for the righteous should receive God’s blessing and not suffering. Tobit, who was a righteous man even according to Deuteronomistic notions, presents a serious challenge to the theory of the retribution or retributive justice. Despite his distress he claimed that God is righteous and through this act he proved to be a righteous man himself. The writer of the book does not consider righteousness as a state of being without sin, which is in fact an illusion, but sees the greatest virtue of the righteous in repentance and recognition of their sins. Repentance and recognition of sins, which have a crucial role in penitential prayers, enable the individual and the nation, which the righteous identifies with and represents, to receive God’s mercy and thereby find a way out of suffering. The survey on the development of the literary genre of penitential prayer is a summary of the theory presented by Werline in his book Penitential prayer in Second Temple Judaism: The Development of a Religious Institution (1998).

Language:English
Keywords:penitential prayer, repentance, recognition of sins, sin, petition, suffering of the righteous, righteous, absence of temple, exile
Work type:Article
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:TEOF - Theological Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Publication date:01.01.2022
Year:2022
Number of pages:Str. 265-291
Numbering:Letn. 77, št. 2
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-163376 This link opens in a new window
UDC:27-245.28-543.8
ISSN on article:2335-4127
DOI:10.34291/Edinost/77/02/Skralovnik This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:135351555 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:04.10.2024
Views:106
Downloads:6
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Edinost in dialog : revija za ekumensko teologijo in medreligijski dialog
Publisher:Inštitut za ekumensko teologijo in medreligijski dialog pri Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani, Inštitut za ekumensko teologijo in medreligijski dialog pri Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani, Inštitut Stanka Janežiča za dogmatično, osnovno in ekumensko teologijo ter religiologijo in dialog, Teološka fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani
ISSN:2335-4127
COBISS.SI-ID:268194560 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Tobitova spokorna molitev
Abstract:
pokorna molitev, kakršno prvič najdemo v Ezrovi knjigi, spada v tradicijo, ki sega nazaj do Devteronomija. Ta knjiga uči, da se je Izrael znašel v izgnanstvu zaradi svojih grehov in da odrešenje lahko pride, šele ko se bo ljudstvo pokesalo. Ključni trenutek za razumevanje razvoja tradicije spokorne molitve pomeni besedilo 1 Kr 8, v katerem avtor z reinterpretacijo Devteronomija razvije idejo, da je na predstavljeno zahtevo po kesanju mogoče odgovoriti s spokorno molitvijo. Ta odgovor, ki ima še posebno v mislih odsotnost templja, je prikrojen in ustvarjen za okoliščine izgnanstva. V teh okoliščinah tempelj dobi drugačno vlogo: postane kraj molitve (in ne darovanja). Spokorna molitev dobi novo, »institucionalno« obliko pokore za kazen, ki jo ljudstvo prestaja za svoje grehe. Tej logiki pomeni največjo spotiko trpljenje pravičnih, saj bi pravični morali uživati božji blagoslov, in ne trpljenja. Tobit,ki je bil pravičen človek, celo po devteronomističnih predstavah (Tob 1), je teoriji pravičnega povračila postavljal resen izziv. Kljub stiski je namreč izpovedal, da je Bog pravičen, s tem pa se je izkazal za pravičnega tudi sam. Pisatelj Tobitove knjige, ki je najverjetneje nastala v diaspori, pravičnosti namreč ne razume kot brezgrešnost, ki je v bistvu iluzija (1 Kr 8,46); največjo krepost pravičnih vidi v kesanju in v priznanju svojih lastnih grehov. Kesanje in priznanje grehov, ki imata v spokornih molitvah temeljno vlogo, omogočata, da posameznik in narod, s katerim se poistoveti in ga predstavlja pravični, prejmeta Božje usmiljenje – s tem pa najdeta pot iz trpljenja. Teorija o razvoju literarne zvrsti spokorne molitve je povzetek teorije, ki jo je predstavil Werline v knjigi Penitential prayer in Second Temple Judaism: The Development of a Religious Institution (1998).

Keywords:spokorna molitev, kesanje, priznanje grehov, greh, prošnja, trpljenje pravičnega, pravični, odsotnost templja, izgnanstvo

Projects

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P6-0262
Name:Vrednote v judovsko-krščanskih virih in tradiciji ter možnosti dialoga

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