Vloga medicinske sestre pri preprečevanju zapletov po znotrajžilnih posegih na možganskih arterijah : diplomsko delo

Ajkić, Faid (author), Gogova, Tina (mentor), Lunder, Matej (comentor), Matić, Lucija (reviewer)

Uvod: Znotrajžilno zdravljenje znatno izboljša funkcionalni izid pri pacientih z akutno zaporo velikih možganskih žil in je postalo standard oskrbe pacientov z akutno zaporo v možganskem obtoku. Po posegu lahko pride do različnih zapletov in medicinske sestre so odgovorne, da v primeru poslabšanja zagotovijo začetne ukrepe, katerih cilj je izboljšanje stanja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti zdravstveno obravnavo pacienta z akutno možgansko kapjo po znotrajžilnem posegu ter izpostaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri opazovanju pacienta z namenom preprečevanja zapletov. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom slovenske in tuje literature. Izbrane so bile raziskave, ki proučujejo paciente v intenzivnih terapijah po možganski kapi, ki so bili oskrbljeni z znotrajžilnim posegom. Časovni okvir je zajemal literaturo v obdobju od 2013 do 2024, iskano s pomočjo digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL in Medline ter iskalniku Google učenjak. Rezultati: Po znotrajžilnem posegu na možganskih arterijah se lahko pojavijo različni zapleti, ki jih mora medicinska sestra znati prepoznati in ob njihovem pojavu tudi ukrepati. Njena vloga po znotrajžilnem posegu na možganskih arterijah se kaže predvsem v opazovanju stanja pacienta in ob morebitnih spremembah o tem obvesti zdravnika. Vloga medicinske sestre ni omejena samo na zdravljenje in spremljanje zdravstvenega stanja, temveč vključuje izvajanje zdravstvene nege, ki zahteva celosten pristop, prepoznavanje tveganj, začetek rehabilitacije in tudi psihološko podporo. Razprava in zaključek: Pri znotrajžilni oskrbi možganskih arterij je pomembna hitra in popolna oskrba možganskih arterij. Zdravstvena nega pacientov po možganski kapi, zdravljenih z znotrajžilnim posegom je večplastna in zato od medicinske sestre zahteva multidisciplinarno sodelovanje. Sama kompleksnost oskrbe zahteva nenehno izpopolnjevanje in izobraževanje medicinskih sester, da se lahko zagotovi hitrejše prepoznavanje zapletov in preprečevanje le-teh.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, možganska kap, opazovanje pacienta, endovaskularni poseg
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [F. Ajkić]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 24 str., [2] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162754
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 209160451
• Publication date in RUL: 27.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of the nurse in preventing complications after endovascular procedures on cerebral arteries : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Endovascular treatment significantly improves the functional outcome in patients with acute cerebrovascular occlusion and has become the standard of care for patients with acute cerebrovascular occlusion. Various complications may occur after the procedure and nurses are responsible for providing initial interventions in the event of deteriorating condition. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the healthcare treatment of a patient with an acute stroke after endovascular intervention and to highlight the role of nurse in observing the patient in order to prevent complications. Methods: A descriptive work method was used with a review of Slovenian and foreign literature. Studies examining patients in intensive care units after stroke who were treated with an endovascular procedure were selected. The time frame covered literature between 2013 and 2024 searched with the help of the digital library of the University of Ljubljana in the CINAHL and Medline databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Results: After an endovascular intervention of the cerebral arteries, various complications may occur, which the nurse must be able to recognize and act upon when they occur. Her role after endovascular procedure on the cerebral arteries is primarily in monitoring the patient’s condition and notifying the doctor of any changes. The role of the nurse is not limited to the treatment and monitoring of the health condition, but includes the implementation of nursing care, which requires a holistic approach, identification of risks, initiation of rehabilitation and also psychological support. Discussion and conclusion: With endovascular treatment of cerebral arteries, the importance of quick and complete care is emphasized. Nursing care of stroke patients treated with endovascular intervention is multifaceted and therefore requires multidisciplinary cooperation from the nurse. The sheer complexity of care requires continuous training and education of nurses in order to ensure faster recognition of complications and their prevention.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, brain stroke, patient observation, endovascular treatment