Potencial uporabe peroksidušikove kisline v kombinaciji s hladno kisikovo plinsko plazmo za preprečevanje glivnih okužb koruznega zrna

Jarc, Mia (author), Vogel Mikuš, Katarina (mentor), Mravlje, Jure (comentor)

Okužbe zrnja z glivami predstavljajo velik problem v kmetijstvu, saj so odgovorne za večino izgube pridelka, poleg tega pa predstavljajo tudi nevarnost za zdravje ljudi in živali. Trenutno se v svetu ta težava rešuje z uporabo velike količine fungicidov, ki sicer povečajo količino pridelka, ampak ob prekomerni uporabi predstavljajo nevarnost za okolje ter zdravje ljudi in živali. V zadnjih letih se zato išče nove, okolju in ljudem bolj prijazne alternative, med katerimi sta tudi peroksidušikova kislina (PNA) in hladna plazma. V tej magistrski nalogi smo testirali vpliv PNA v kombinaciji s hladno kisikovo plazmo na zaviranje rasti gliv Aspergillus flavus in Fusarium fujikuroi na zrnu koruze (Zea mays). Rezultati so pokazali, da je bila PNA učinkovita pri zmanjšanju rasti A. flavus in F. fujikuroi, saj je bil v obeh primerih že po 30-sekundni obdelavi s 50 mM PNA delež okuženih zrn manjši od 25 %, pri 300-sekundni obdelavi s 100 mM PNA pa rasti gliv na zrnu ni bilo več zaznati. Vpliv na zaviranje glivne okužbe na zrnu koruze v kombinaciji s hladno kisikovo plazmo ni bil statistično značilno večji od obdelave samo s PNA, kljub temu da je trend nakazoval nekoliko manjšo okužbo. PNA tudi ni vplivala na kaljivost zrn. Glede na rezultate ima PNA zelo dober potencial kot alternativa fungicidov. Ker ne vpliva na samo kaljivost, bi jo lahko uporabljali tako pri zrnu, namenjenem za prehrambne namene, kakor tudi na zrnu, namenjenem za nadaljnjo setev.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: peroksidušikova kislina, hladna kisikova plazma, koruza, glive, dekontaminacija, alternativa fungicidov
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [M. Jarc]
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162610
• UDC: 582.282.123.4:632.95:633.15(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 212949251
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Potential of the use of peroxynitric acid in combination with cold oxygen gaseous plasma for preventing fungal infection on corn grains

Abstract

Grain infections by fungi represent a significant issue in agriculture, as they are responsible for the majority of crop loss and pose a health risk to humans and animals. Currently, this problem is addressed globally through the use of large quantities of fungicides, which, although increasing crop yield, pose a new problem with their excessive use as they endanger the health of humans and animals and threaten the safety of ecosystems into which they are released. As a result, in recent years, there has been a search for new alternatives to fungicides that are more environmentally friendly and safer for humans. Among these alternatives are peroxynitric acid (PNA) and cold plasma. In this master's thesis, we tested the effect of PNA in combination with cold oxygen plasma on preventing the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium fujikuroi on corn grain (Zea mays). The results showed that PNA is effective in reducing the growth of A. flavus and F. fujikuroi, with the infection rate of grain being less than 25 % after a 30-second treatment with 50 mM PNA, and no growth detected after a 300-second treatment with 100 mM PNA. Seed decontamination in combination with cold oxygen plasma was not statistically significantly greater than decontamination with PNA alone, although the trend suggested this direction. PNA also does not affect grain germination. Based on our results, PNA shows great potential as an alternative to fungicides, and since it does not affect germination, it could be used for grain intended for the foods as well as for grain used for sowing.

• Keywords: peroxynitric acid, cold oxygen gaseous plasma, maize, fungi, decontamination, alternatives to fungicides