Plant diseases and pests pose a significant threat to agricultural production in Slovenia and an effective system for forecasting and dealing with roblems is needed. Modern meteorological and forecasting equipment and computer models allow us to accurately monitor and predict the occurrence of plant diseases and pests. The Plant Protection Forecasting Service in Slovenia, which has been operating since 1954, uses a variety of meteorological stations and models to monitor plant diseases and pests. Fire blight, apple scab, peronospora and oidium are examples of diseases that occur due to specific climatic and weather conditions, where temperature and precipitation are the most important. The development of effective strategies based on an understanding of their biological and ecological characteristics is essential to control and prevent their spread. Predictive models for plant diseases and pests are an important tool for effective crop management and yield loss prevention. Models such as Mills-Jones for apple scab, Maryblyt for fire blight, Kast (OiDiag) for Oidium, RITY-2 for the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle and apple codling moth prediction offer different approaches and methods for risk assessment and prediction of the occurrence of plant diseases and pests. This enables farmers to control the use of pesticides in a targeted manner and optimize cultivation methods.
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