Introduction: Femoroacetabular impingement is a common cause of hip pain and the most frequent indication for arthroscopic treatment. FAI is classified into three main types: cam (femoral), pincer (acetabular), and mixed type, based on the shape abnormalities of the femur and acetabulum. Diagnosis consists of a clinical examination, medical history, and imaging studies. Treatment can be surgical or conservative. Conservative treatment includes patient education, activity and lifestyle adjustments, and physiotherapy. When labral or cartilage damage is already present in the joint, arthroscopic treatment is usually indicated to address the causes of impingement. Purpose: To determine guidelines for an optimal rehabilitation protocol after arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement through a literature review. Methods: A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database. Keywords used in the search were: rehabilitation program, femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Results: Five studies were included in the detailed analysis. The results were similar in all studies. All studies found that structured rehabilitation protocols significantly contribute to the improvement of clinical and functional outcomes. Patients showed reduced pain and improved hip functionality and range of motion after arthroscopy. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that rehabilitation protocols after arthroscopy vary but include the same elements, such as offloading the operated hip and gradually increasing mobility and strength. The primary goals of rehabilitation protocols after arthroscopic treatment of FAI are the same: pain relief and optimal function. Randomized controlled trials are needed to unify the rehabilitation protocol.
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