Vpliv vadbe proti uporu pri bolnikih z multiplo sklerozo - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Skubic, Špela (avtor), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Weber, Daša (komentor), Kovačič, Tine (recenzent)

Uvod: Multipla skleroza je demielinizirajoča in nevrodegenerativna bolezen centralnega živčnega sistema, katere vzrok še ni znan. Ob poteku bolezni se lahko pojavijo številni simptomi, med drugim tudi mišična oslabelost in splošna utrujenost. Izkazalo se je, da ima vadba proti uporu številne pozitivne učinke pri odpravljanju simptomov multiple skleroze. Vadba proti uporu lahko izboljša mišično zmogljivost, zmanjša utrujenost in izboljša kakovost življenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšen vpliv ima vadba proti uporu na mišično zmogljivost in utrujenost pri bolnikih z multiplo sklerozo. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s pregledom literature. Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovni zbirki PubMed, s časovnim okvirjem od leta 2015 do leta 2024 in z naslednjimi ključnimi besedami: resistance training, strength training in multiple sclerosis. V pregled so bile vključene raziskave z ocenami od 5 do 8 na PEDro-lestvici. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili šest randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav, ki so ustrezale vsem vključitvenim merilom. Vadbeni programi so trajali od osem do 15 tednov, enkrat do največ trikrat tedensko. V večini raziskav so utrujenost merili z lestvico izražene utrujenosti, mišično zmogljivost pa z dinamometri in različnimi fitnes napravami. Ena raziskava je primerjala zmanjšanje utrujenosti med poskusno in kontrolno skupino, tri raziskave so primerjale zmanjšanje utrujenosti in izboljšanje mišične zmogljivosti, medtem ko so v dveh raziskavah med skupinama primerjali zgolj izboljšanje v mišični zmogljivosti. V dveh raziskavah so poročali o statistično pomembnem zmanjšanju utrujenosti. V štirih od skupno šestih raziskav so poročali o statistično pomembnem izboljšanju mišične zmogljivosti. V eni od raziskav ni prišlo do statistično pomembnih sprememb v zmanjšanju utrujenosti ali povečanju mišične zmogljivosti. Razprava in zaključek: Raziskave so pokazale, da ima vadba proti uporu številne pozitivne učinke pri odpravljanju simptomov multiple skleroze. Vadba lahko zmanjša splošno zaznano utrujenost in poveča mišično zmogljivost, s čimer izboljša kakovost življenja. Prihodnje raziskave bi se morale bolj osredotočiti tudi na dolgoročne učinke vadbe proti uporu. Vadbene intervencije bi lahko izvajali v daljšem časovnem obdobju, hkrati bi bilo smiselno v raziskave vključiti večji vzorec preiskovancev.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, vadba proti uporu, multipla skleroza, utrujenost, mišična zmogljivost
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [Š. Skubic]
• Leto izida: 2024
• Št. strani: 22 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-160823-2b732f37-9048-808b-3db2-381b8df1ed93
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 206457859
• Datum objave v RUL: 05.09.2024

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of resistance training in patients with multiple sclerosis - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, the cause of which is not yet known. As the disease progresses, a number of symptoms may occur, including muscle weakness and general fatigue. Resistance training has been shown to have a number of positive effects in eliminating the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Resistance training improves muscle performance, reduces fatigue and improves the quality of life. Purpose: The aim of this paper was to determine the effects of resistance training on muscle performance and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: In the paper, a descriptive method with a literature review is used. We searched the literature in the PubMed database, with a timeframe from 2015 to 2024 and using the following keywords: resistance training, strength training and multiple sclerosis. Studies with a rating of 5 to 8 on the PEDro scale were included in the review. Results: Six randomized controlled trials that met all inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The training sessions lasted between 8 and 15 weeks, once to a maximum of three times a week. In most studies, fatigue was measured using a fatigue severity scale, and muscle performance was measured using dynamometers and various fitness machines. One study compared the reduction in fatigue between the experimental and control groups, three studies compared the reduction in fatigue and the improvement in muscle performance, and two studies compared only the improvement in muscle performance between the two groups. A statistically significant reduction in fatigue was determined in two studies. A statistically significant improvement in muscle performance was determined in four of the six studies. In one of the studies, there were no statistically significant changes in terms of reduction in fatigue or increase in muscle performance. Discussion and conclusion: Research have shown that resistance training has a number of positive effects on the resolution of symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Exercise can reduce overall perceived fatigue and increase muscle performance, thereby improving the quality of life. Future research should also focus more on long-term effects of resistance training. Exercise interventions should be carried out over a longer period of time, and at the same time it would be sensible to include a larger number of test subjects in the research.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, resistance training, multiple sclerosis, fatigue, muscle performance