Ugotavljanje toksičnosti različnih vrst novodobnih onesnažil na osnovi morfoloških sprememb koreninskega sistema sadik paradižnika (Solanum lycopersicum)

Zamuda, Jure (author), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

Diplomsko delo preučuje toksičnost različnih koncentracij novodobnih onesnažil, kot so farmacevtska sredstva, antibiotiki, hormoni, industrijske kemikalije, stimulanti, antimikrobna sredstva, fitofarmacevtska sredstva in izdelki za osebno nego na sadike paradižnika sorte 'Rally F1' (Solanum lycopersicum L.), ter uporabo prečiščene odpadne vode za gojenje v hidroponskem sistemu. Poskus je bil izveden v steklenjaku na Biotehniški fakulteti v Ljubljani in je potekal od 5. aprila do 5. junija 2023. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti vpliv različnih koncentracij novodobnih onesnažil na rast in razvoj koreninskega sistema sadik paradižnika. Sadike so bile izpostavljene različnim koncentracijam onesnažil (1 mg/L, 0,1 mg/L, 0,01 mg/L, 0,001 mg/L). Onesnažila so bila dodana v pitno vodo (PV) oz. v prečiščeno odpadno vodo (POV), kontroli sta predstavljali obe vrsti vode brez dodatkov onesnažil. Skupno je bilo v poskus vključenih 21 sadik paradižnika, ki smo jih gojili v steklenih kozarcih v aerirani hranilni raztopini. Tedensko smo pregledovali kozarce, menjali hranilno raztopino in izvajali meritve na rastlinah – maso rastline in merjenje vsebnosti klorofila s SPAD metrom. Meritve rastlin smo izvajali štiri tedne. Na začetku in koncu poskusa smo skenirali koreninski sistem in tako izmerili dolžino korenin, površino koreninskega sistema, število vršičkov in število razvejitev korenin. Na podlagi rezultatov poskusa smo ugotovili, da uporaba prečiščene odpadne vode ni pokazala toksičnih učinkov na rast rastline. Različne koncentracije novodobnih onesnažil so imele različen učinek na rast in razvoj koreninskega sistema pri sadikah paradižnika. Večja koncentracija novodobnih onesnažil je na razvoj koreninskega sistema in razvoj celotne rastline delovala zaviralno. Manjše koncentracije novodobnih onesnažil niso imele fitotoksičnega učinka na rastline. Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo, da se prečiščena odpadna voda s pravilnim nadzorom koncentracij onesnažil lahko uporabi za gojenje paradižnikov v hidroponskih sistemih. Prečiščena odpadna voda ni imela fitotoksičnega učinka na rastline in je primerna za pripravo hranilne raztopine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prečiščena odpadna voda, novodobna onesnažila, paradižnik, hidroponski sistem
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-160560
• COBISS.SI-ID: 206187779
• Publication date in RUL: 31.08.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Determining the toxicity of various types of modern pollutants morphological changes in the root system of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum)

Abstract

The thesis investigates the toxicity of various concentrations of contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, hormones, industrial chemicals, stimulants, antimicrobial agents, pesticides, and personal care products on tomato seedlings of the 'Rally F1' variety (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and the use of treated wastewater for cultivation in a hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse at the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana and lasted from April 5 to June 5, 2023. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of various concentrations of emerging contaminants on the growth and development of the tomato seedlings' root system. The seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of contaminants (1 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.001 mg/L) added to drinking water (DW) or treated wastewater (TWW), with controls consisting of both types of water without contaminant additives. A total of 21 tomato seedlings were included in the experiment, which were grown in glass jars in an aerated nutrient solution. The jars were inspected weekly, the nutrient solution was changed, and plant measurements were conducted – plant mass and chlorophyll content using a SPAD meter. Plant measurements were carried out for four weeks. At the beginning and end of the experiment, the root system was scanned to measure and determine the root length, root system surface area, number of root tips, and number of root branches. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that the use of treated wastewater did not show toxic effects on plant growth. Different concentrations of emerging contaminants had varying effects on the growth and development of the root system in tomato seedlings. Higher concentrations of emerging contaminants inhibited the development of the root system and the overall growth of the plant. Lower concentrations of emerging contaminants did not have a phytotoxic effect on the plants. The results of the study confirm that treated wastewater, with proper control of contaminant concentrations, can be used for growing tomatoes in hydroponic systems. Treated wastewater did not have a phytotoxic effect on the plants and is suitable for preparing the nutrient solution.

• Keywords: treated wastewater, contaminants of emerging concern, tomato, hydroponic system