Strategije delovnih terapevtov pri prilagajanju domačega okolja oseb po preboleli možganski kapi : diplomsko delo

Kostić, Maja (author), Lebar, Cecilija (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Možganska kap je klinično opredeljen sindrom, ki je posledica nezadostne oskrbe možganov s krvjo, zaradi zamašene ali počene krvne žile. Osebe po preboleli možganski kapi imajo običajno težave pri izvajanju dnevnih aktivnosti. Delovni terapevti s prilagoditvami v domačem okolju želijo omogočiti osebi sodelovanje v vsakodnevnih aktivnostih in povečati neodvisnost. Namen: Cilj diplomskega dela je raziskati uporabnost delovno terapevtskih strategij pri prilagajanju domačega okolja oseb po možganski kapi. Metode dela: Narejen je bil sistematični pregled literature. Iskanje znanstvenih člankov je potekalo januarja 2024, v treh podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL, OTSEEKER in PUBMED. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir, od leta 2014 do 2024. Članki, ki so po tabeli relevantnosti ocenjeni z oceno 4 ali več so bili pregledani z enim od 13 Joanna Briggs Institute orodji za oceno kakovosti. Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili 19 člankov, ki so ustrezali vključitvenim kriterijem. Od tega je bilo 12 kvalitativnih študij in 7 kvantitativnih študij. Pri tematski analizi člankov so se oblikovale 4 teme, znotraj katerih se je oblikovalo 6 podtem. Razprava in zaključek: Eden od načinov spodbujanja zdravega staranja in ohranjanja neodvisnosti je prilagoditev domačega okolja ter uvajanje prilagojenih pripomočkov, pri čemer pomembno vlogo igrajo delovni terapevti. S prilagoditvami omogočimo vključitev uporabnika v aktivnosti, ki so zanj pomembne. S tem ne spodbujamo le samostojnosti, temveč tudi krepimo samozavest posameznika, izboljšujemo socialno vključenost in splošno dobro počutje. Osebe po preboleli možganski kapi so pogosto zaskrbljene zaradi neodvisnosti pri telesnem funkcioniranju, zaradi česar čutijo, da ne zmorejo vključiti spremenjenega telesa v svoje identitete. Večina uporabnikov je navedla, da so zaradi delovno terapevtskih strategij izboljšali svoje okupacijsko delovanje. Učinkovitost delovno terapevtskih intervencij v domačem okolju je v tujini pogosto raziskana. V slovenskem jeziku ni bilo najdeno nobenega vira, kar je razlog, da v rezultatih ni slovenskega vidika obravnavanega problema. To lahko štejemo kot omejitev izsledkov diplomskega dela.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, delovna terapija na domu, prilagoditve domačega okolja, prilagojeni pripomočki, starejši odrasli, kvalitativno raziskovanje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Kostić]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 24 str., [26] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159420
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 201282819
• Publication date in RUL: 10.07.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The strategies of occupational therapists in adapting the home environment for individuals after a stroke : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a clinically defined syndrome caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain due to a blocked or ruptured blood vessel. People who have had a stroke usually find it difficult to carry out everyday activities. Occupational therapists try to make it easier for those affected to participate in daily activities and improve their independence by making adaptations in the home environment. Purpose: The aim is to investigate the benefits of occupational therapy strategies in adapting the home environment for people after a stroke. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out. Three databases were searched for scientific articles: CINAHL, OTSEEKER and PUBMED, in January 2024. The search covered a period from 2014 to 2024. Articles rated with a relevance score of 4 or higher were reviewed using one of the Joanna Briggs Institute's 13 quality assessment tools. Results: The final analysis included 19 articles that met the inclusion criteria. 12 were qualitative studies and 7 were quantitative studies. In the thematic analysis of the articles, 4 themes were formed, within which 6 subthemes were formed. Discussion and conclusion: One of the ways to promote healthy aging and maintain independence is to adapt the home environment and introduce adapted aids, in which occupational therapists play an important role. Adaptations allow a person to be involved in activities that are important to them. This not only promotes independence, but also boosts the individual's confidence, improves social inclusion and overall wellbeing. People who have suffered a stroke are often anxious about their physical independence, which results in them feeling unable to integrate their altered body into their identity. Most people who have had a stroke reported that their occupational function has improved thanks to occupational therapy strategies. The effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions in the home environment has been extensively studied abroad. No source in Slovene was found, which is the reason why the results do not include a Slovene aspect of the problem. This can be seen as a limitation of the results of this work.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, occupational therapy at home, home environment adaptations, adapted tools, older adults, qualitative research