Structural and chemical analysis of hard carbon negative electrode for Na-ion battery with X-ray Raman scattering and solid-state NMR spectroscopy

Rajh, Ava (avtor), Gabrijelčič, Matej (avtor), Tratnik, Blaž (avtor), Bučar, Klemen (avtor), Arčon, Iztok (avtor), Petric, Marko (avtor), Dominko, Robert (avtor), Vižintin, Alen (avtor), Kavčič, Matjaž (avtor)

This study explores the structural changes of hard carbon (HC) negative electrodes in sodium-ion batteries induced by insertion of Na ions during sodiation. X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS) was used to record both C and Na K-edge absorption spectra from bulk HC anodes carbonized at different temperatures and at several points during sodiation and desodiation. Comparing the $\pi ^∗/\sigma ^∗$ regions in the C K-edge spectra sp$^2$/sp$^3$ hybridization ratio of material was determined. Higher carbonization temperatures led to increased order in graphitic structure and shorter C–C bond lengths. Sodiation caused a decrease in graphitic layer order due to inserted Na ions. Complementary operando solid state $^{23}$Na nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) studies confirmed the structural changes, while showing pore filling mechanism, which is not observed in ex situ measurements, primarily at higher carbonization temperatures. XRS analysis of Na K-edge spectra revealed systematic variations in the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) composition during cycling. Changes in XRS spectra were attributed to both SEI composition alterations, accompanied by the insertion/adsorption of Na ions at defect sites within the carbon structure.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: hard carbons, X-ray Raman scattering, ssNMR, Na-ion batteries
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FMF - Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2024
• Št. strani: 14 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 228, art. 119398
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159399
• UDK: 544.5/.6
• ISSN pri članku: 1873-3891
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119398
• COBISS.SI-ID: 201116419
• Datum objave v RUL: 09.07.2024

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Carbon
• Založnik: Elsevier
• ISSN: 1873-3891
• COBISS.SI-ID: 22990853

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Nekomercialno-Brez predelav 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: Najbolj omejujoča licenca Creative Commons. Uporabniki lahko prenesejo in delijo delo v nekomercialne namene in ga ne smejo uporabiti za nobene druge namene.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: trdi ogljik, Ramanova spektroskopija, baterije, elektrotehnika, ogljik