Vpliv premikanja glave na časovne in dolžinske spremenljivke hoje : diplomsko delo

Marinko, Karolina (author), Kovačič, Tine (mentor), Jakovljević, Miroljub (reviewer)

Uvod: Ravnotežje je potrebno za vzdrževanje težišča telesa nad podporno ploskvijo, kar omogoča stabilno hojo. Vestibularni sistem signalizira položaj in gibanje glave. Te informacije se v osrednjem živčnem sistemu integrirajo z ostalimi somatosenzornimi signali in tvorijo zaznavo o gibanju. Vpliv spremenjene vestibularne informacije na hojo lahko preučujemo z draženjem vestibularnega sistema s premikanjem glave ali pri pacientih z okvarami vestibularnega sistema. Namen: Želeli smo ugotoviti vpliv spreminjanja vestibularnega priliva na časovne in dolžinske spremenljivke hoje pri zdravih mladih odraslih ter izvedljivost tovrstnega testiranja s pritiskovno preprogo. Metode dela: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 22 zdravih mladih odraslih, starih od 20 do 30 let. Preiskovanci so hodili po pritiskovni preprogi GAITRite® v treh testnih pogojih: z glavo v mirovanju, v pokončnem nevtralnem položaju (1), z nagibanjem glave navzgor in navzdol (2) in z obračanjem glave v levo in desno (3). Vsak pogoj so preiskovanci ponovili trikrat. Pogoji so bili razporejeni v naključnem vrstnem redu. Med ponovitvami je bil odmor za ustna navodila. Analizirali smo hitrost hoje, kadenco korakov, dolžino dvojnega koraka, variabilnost oz. standardni odklon dolžine dvojnega koraka, širino koraka in variabilnost dolžine dvojnega koraka. Rezultati: Povprečna dolžina dvojnega koraka je bila pri 1. pogoju 134,5 (standardni odklon (SO) = 15,0) cm, pri 2. pogoju 126,4 (15,6) cm ter pri 3. pogoju 128,3 (14,9) cm. Razlika je statistično značilna (p < 0,0001). Standardni odklon oz. variabilnost širine koraka je bila pri 1. pogoju 1,7 (0,6) cm, pri 2. pogoju 2,7 (1,0) cm ter pri 3. pogoju 3,3 (0,9) cm. Razlika med pogoji je statistično značilna (p < 0,0001). Hitrost hoje, kadenca korakov, standardni odklon dolžine dvojnega koraka ter širina koraka se niso statistično značilno spremenili med pogoji. Razprava in zaključek: Pri hoji s premikanjem glave se je statistično značilno zmanjšala dolžina dvojnega koraka in povečal standardni odklon širine koraka, kar se kaže kot večja spremenljivost širine koraka. Testiranje s pritiskovno preprogo je izvedljivo, vendar bi bilo boljše zagotoviti več prostora okrog preproge.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, hoja, ravnotežje, premikanje glave, pritiskovna preproga GAITRite®, mladi odrasli
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Marinko]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159359
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 200970243
• Publication date in RUL: 07.07.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Influence of head movement on time and length variables of gait : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Balance is necessary to maintain the body’s center of gravity above the support surface, which enables stable walking. The vestibular system signals the position and movement of the head. This information is integrated with other somatosensory signals in the central nervous system to form the perception of movement. The influence of altered vestibular information on walking can be studied by stimulating the vestibular system via head movement or in patients with vestibular system disorder. Purpose: We wanted to determine the effect of changes in vestibular information on the time and length variables of walking in young healthy adults and the feasibility of testing with the GAITRite walkway. Methods: The study included 22 healthy young adults aged between 20 and 30 years. Participants walked on the GAITRite® walkway under three test conditions: with the head stationary in an upright neutral position (1), with the head tilting up and down (2), and with the head turning left and right (3). Each condition was repeated three times. The conditions were arranged in random order, with breaks for verbal instructions between repetitions. We analysed walking speed, step cadence, stride length, straight variability or standard deviation, step width and step variability. Results: The average length of the stride in 1st condition was 134.5 (15.0) cm, in 2nd condition 126.4 (15.6) cm, and in 3rd condition 128.3 (14.9) cm. The difference is statistically significant (p<0.0001). The standard deviation of step width in 1st condition was 1.7 (0.6) cm, in 2nd condition 2.7 (1.0) cm and in 3rd condition 3.3 (0.9) cm. The difference between conditions is statistically significant (p<0.0001). Walking speed, cadence, standard deviation of stride length and step width did not change statistically significantly between conditions. Discussion and conclusion: Walking with head movement resulted in statistically significantly decreased stride length, and the standard deviation of step width increased, indicating greater variability in step width. Testing with a pressure mat is feasible, but providing more space around the pressure mat would be more optimal.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, gait, balance, head movement, GAITRite® walkway, young adults