Wood is a natural material, which is now increasingly used for construction purposes. As all wood species are not sufficiently durable, they should be adequately protected. In our study, we used non-durable Norway spruce, and protected it with non-biocidal products. Spruce was impregnated with a suspension of natural wax, and then thermally modified. The thermal modification was carried out at different temperatures 100 °C, 185 °C, 200 °C, 215 °C and 230 °C. This was followed by the impregnation with the natural wax, which was carried out by 2 methods (immersion and vacuum pressure impregnation), at 2 different concentrations (2.5 % and 5 %). We studied how the thermal modification, the manner of impregnation and the concentration of wax affect the uptake of water vapour, the mechanical properties and resistance to fungi. It has been shown that the thermal modification has a greater impact on the mass loss of the samples, and thus the deterioration of the mechanical properties of wood, but has a positive influence on the resistance to fungi. On the uptake of water vapour, both of the concentrations could be slowed down with proper wax treatment, but for better protection it would be preferred to use the 5 % concentration. More important than the use of concentration is the use of impregnation of wood, in which the vacuum pressure proved to be better
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