Spanje in športniki - adaptacija vprašalnika o kvaliteti spanja : magistrsko delo

Košir, Zala (author), Kajtna, Tanja (mentor), Hadžić, Vedran (comentor)

Spanje je za delovanje človeka izjemno pomembno, saj med drugim vpliva na obnovitvene procese v telesu in možganih, vpliva na psihično zdravje ter na kognitivne sposobnosti posameznika. Prav tako pa predstavlja eno izmed ključnih potreb športnikov in vpliva na njihovo optimalno delovanje ter tekmovalno uspešnost. Namen magistrskega dela je bil preverjanje spalnih navad študentov Fakultete za šport in ugotavljanje zanesljivosti novega vprašalnika. Uporabili smo vprašalnik o kvaliteti spanja »Athlete sleep behavior questionnare (ASBQ)« avtorjev Matthewa W. Drillerja, Cheri D. Maha in Shone L. Halson. Za namen raziskave smo vprašalnik prevedli v slovenski jezik in s pomočjo Cronbach α koeficienta preverili njegovo notranjo zanesljivost. V raziskavo smo vključili 152 študentov Fakultete za šport, ki so v letu 2023/24 obiskovali katerega koli izmed letnikov dodiplomskega študija. Med njimi je bilo 79 moških in 73 žensk. Izmed vseh udeležencev raziskave jih je 35 imelo veljaven status športnika. Raziskava je pokazala, da vprašalnik ni zanesljiv, saj glede na Cronbach α koeficient celotnega vprašalnika zagotavlja le sprejemljivo zanesljivost, glede na posamezne dimenzije pa v nobenem primeru ne dosega pričakovanih rezultatov. V nadaljevanju raziskave smo testirali, ali v našem vzorcu obstajajo statistično značilne razlike glede na spalne navade študentov. Med moškimi in ženskimi udeleženci raziskave, kot pričakovano, razlik nismo našli, v nasprotju z našimi domnevami pa jih nismo našli niti med različno športno aktivnimi. Študentje Fakultete za šport so imeli v splošnem slabe spalne navade, na to pa je najbolj vplivalo dejstvo, da so manj kot eno uro pred odhodom v posteljo uporabljali naprave, ki oddajajo svetlobo. Vprašalnika za nadaljnjo uporabo ne bi priporočali, saj rezultati kažejo, da ne zagotavlja niti sprejemljive zanesljivosti. Področje spanja športnikov je odprto še za nadaljnje raziskave, pri čemer bi predlagali ponovno prevajanje in testiranje dotičnega vprašalnika skupaj z različnimi dejavniki (v različnih časovnih okvirjih, povezava s kronotipi, razlike med specifičnostjo športov, vključitev večjega števila merjencev). Poleg tega bi bilo pomembno raziskovanje spanja, ki bi obenem zajemalo subjektivne in objektivne metode merjenja. S pomočjo kvalitetnih raziskav bi udeležence v športu spodbudili k ozaveščanju o pomembnosti spanja za njihovo uspešnost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spanje, spalne navade, športniki, vprašalnik, notranja zanesljivost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-158527
• COBISS.SI-ID: 200808707
• Publication date in RUL: 15.06.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Sleep and athletes - adaption of the sleep quality questionnaire

Abstract

Sleep is crucial for human functioning as it affects, among other things, regenerative processes in the body and brain, mental health and cognitive abilities. It also represents one of the key needs of athletes and influences their optimal performance and competitive success. The purpose of the master’s thesis was to examine the sleep habits of students of the Faculty of Sport and to assess the reliability of a new questionnaire. We used the “Athlete Sleep Behaviour Questionnaire (ASBQ)” by Matthew W. Driller, Cheri D. Mah and Shona L. Halson. The questionnaire was translated into Slovenian language, and its internal reliability was assessed using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The study included 152 students from the Faculty of Sport, who were attending any of the undergraduate study years during the academic year 2023/24. Among them, there were 79 males and 73 females. Of all the participants in the study, 35 had valid athlete status. The research revealed that the questionnaire lacked reliability, as the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the overall questionnaire only provided acceptable reliability, and none of the individual dimensions met the expected standards. Furthermore, we examined whether there were statistically significant differences in sleep habits among students in our sample. As expected, no differences were found between male and female participants; however, contrary to our assumptions, we did not find any differences among participants with different levels of sports activity. Overall, students from the Faculty of Sport exhibited poor sleeping habits, and this was most affected by the fact that they used light emitting devices less than an hour before bedtime. We would not recommend the questionnaire for further use as the results indicate it does not provide acceptable reliability. The aria of athletes’ sleep remains open for further research, with suggestions for retranslation and testing of the questionnaire alongside various factors (across different time frames, correlation with chronotypes, differences between sports specificity, inclusion of larger number of participants). Additionally, it would be crucial to explore sleep using both subjective and objective measurement methods. Through high-quality research, participants in sports would be encouraged to recognize the importance of sleep for their performance.

• Keywords: sleep, sleep hygiene, athletes, questionnaire, internal consistency