Metoda določanja kritične poti pri predorogradnji : magistrsko delo

Hotko, Anže (author), Jovičić, Vojkan (mentor)

Dva izmed najpomembnejših dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na odločitev, ali in kako bo predor zgrajen, sta predviden čas in strošek gradnje. To magistrsko delo je namenjeno razvoju metodološkega postopka ter izdelavi programa, ki samodejno izračuna časovne norme izkopa in podpiranja predora za podane geološke pogoje gradnje. Program je namenjen uporabi v fazi projektiranja s ciljem, da se optimizira izračun kritične poti, ki podaja najkrajši čas izgradnje predora. Osnova za projektiranje predorov z novo avstrijsko metodo predorogradnje (NATM) je teorija samo-nosilnosti hribine. NATM metoda je razvita tako, da preko nje določamo optimalno razmerje med nivojem izvedenih deformacij v hribini in velikostjo primarne obloge, kar nam direktno narekuje tudi stroške in stabilnostne razmere v fazi gradnje. Avstrijski standard ÖNORM B-2203 s pomočjo numeričnih pokazateljev klasificira izkop glede na velikost izkopnega čela ter količino in vrsto podpornih elementov. To pomeni, da lahko objektivno določamo ceno izkopa za določeno podporno število. Program za izračun časovnih norm je bil apliciran na primeru predora Vodriž. Vhodni podatki za program so na eni strani podatki o količinah izkopa in podpiranja, načinu izkopa ter vrsti podpornih elementov, na drugi strani pa osnovni časovni parametri, ki izhajajo iz izvajalčevih časovnih norm za posamezne faze dela ter tudi iz različnih študij o hitrosti napredovanja izkopnih del. Skripta programa je napisana v programskem jeziku C++, saj je namen program integrirati v že obstoječe programsko orodje MatM, ki ga je razvilo podjetje IRGO Consulting d.o.o. MatM služi obdelavi podpornih števil glede na izbrane parametre izkopa in podpiranja. Namen magistrske naloge je bil opredeliti posamezne faze del izkopa in podpiranja ter vzpostaviti bolj natančno povezavo med numerično vrednostjo podpornih tipov in samimi časovnimi normami napredkov. Splošna uporabnost programa je v direktni aplikaciji rezultirajočih časov napredkov v prilogah kritične poti. S tem je možno določiti večji del variabilnega časa kritične poti (izkop in podpiranje).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Predor, kritična pot, časovne norme izkopa, nova avstrijska metoda predorogradnje, podporni tipi
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: A. Hotko
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: XVII, 95 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-156231
• UDC: 622
• COBISS.SI-ID: 197400579
• Publication date in RUL: 15.05.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Method of determining critical path in tunnel construction : master's thesis

Abstract

Two of the most important factors influencing the decision whether and how the tunnel will be built are the estimated construction time and cost. The aim of this master’s thesis is developing a methodological procedure and creating a program that automatically calculates the advance rates for tunnel excavation and support based on the given geological conditions for construction. The program is intended for use in the design phase with the aim of optimizing the calculation of the critical path, which determines the shortest tunnel construction time. The basis for designing tunnels using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) is the theory of the ground reaction curve. The NATM method is developed in such a way that we are able to determine the optimal ratio between the level of deformations in the ground and the thickness of the primary lining, which directly dictates the costs and the overall stability conditions of construction. The Austrian standard ÖNORM B-2203 classifies the excavation with the help of numerical indicators according to the size of the excavation face, the amount and type of supporting elements. This is essential for objectively determining the excavation cost in a specific support number. The program for calculating advance rates was applied to the case of the Vodriž tunnel. The input data for the program are, on one hand, data on the quantities of excavation and support, the method of excavation and the type of supporting elements. On the other hand, basic time parameters are derived from the contractor’s time norms for individual work sequences and also from various studies on the speed of progress of excavation works. The code of the program is written using programming language C++, as the purpose is to integrate the program into the already existing software tool MatM, developed by IRGO Consulting d.o.o. MatM is used to process support numbers according to the selected excavation and support parameters. The purpose of this master’s thesis was to define the individual phases of excavation and support and establish a more precise connection between the numerical values of support types and the corresponding advance rates. The general applicability of the program lies in the direct application of resulting advance rates in the critical path. With this, it is possible to determine a large part of the variable time of the critical path (excavation and support).

• Keywords: Tunnel, critical path, advance rates, New Austrian Tunneling method, support types