Introduction: Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the immune system of the human body, leading to a gradual weakening. If left untreated, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome develops, a condition where the immune system is so weakened that the body becomes susceptible to serious diseases. In addition to a positive diagnosis, there is also the problem of stigmatization and discrimination of persons living with HIV. Health stigma based on negative attitudes identifies the effective management of those affected by HIV and spreads the epidemic, indicating the need for strengthening to reduce stigma and ensure access to health services for all. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how stigma and discrimination by health workers affects the health of people living with HIV. Methods: We used a descriptive research method using a critical reading of relevant scientific and professional literature in the field of HIV, stigma and discrimination. Results: Different impacts of stigma and discrimination are linked to different types of stigmatization. In doing so, we identified the expected and established stigma and discrimination, due to which persons living with the HIV avoid health care, or refuse an HIV diagnosis and internalized stigma and discrimination, which leaves psycho-social consequences. Discussion and conclusion: The level of knowledge of health workers in the described countries is relatively low, which leads to stigma and discrimination, as health workers do not know HIV and the related transmission of infection well enough to be able to act appropriately. At this point, it therefore seems important, as already mentioned, additional research and additional education and training of health professionals.
|
