Vpliv citrulin malata na rezultate testov maksimalne moči, hitre moči ter vzdržljivosti v moči pri treniranih dvigovalcih uteži : magistrsko delo

Murnik, Juš (author), Strojnik, Vojko (mentor), Peklaj, Eva (comentor)

Citrulin malat, spojina iz aminokisline citrulin in jabolčne kisline (malat), dobiva vse več pozornosti v prehranski industriji zaradi svojega potencialnega učinka pri izboljšanju zmogljivosti. Citrulin malat je obsežno proučevano prehransko dopolnilo, ki je zaradi svoje vloge pri spodbujanju proizvodnje dušikovega oksida ključnega pomena pri vazodilataciji in izboljšanju pretoka krvi. Slednje naj bi prispevalo k povečanju dostopa kisika in hranil mišicam med vadbo, kar potencialno vodi v izboljšanje telesne zmogljivosti in zmanjšanje utrujenosti. V prehranski industriji velja citrulin malat za eno najbolj priljubljenih sredstev v segmentu prehranskih dopolnil, ki se uživajo pred vadbo. Citrulin malat domnevno izboljša mišično vzdržljivost, zmanjša mišično bolečino in izboljša delovanje aerobno energijskega sistema. Raziskave so pokazale obetavne rezultate pri različnih vrstah vadbe, vključno z vadbo z utežmi in aerobno vadbo. Poleg tega je citrulin malat sredstvo, ki potencialno pomaga pri zmanjšanju kopičenja amoniaka v krvi med intenzivnim telesnim naporom, kar lahko prispeva k zmanjšanju mišične utrujenosti. Ta potencialni učinek je pritegnil pozornost vrhunskih športnikov in navdušencev nad fitnesom, ki iščejo načine za optimizacijo rezultatov vadbe. Cilj te študije je bil proučiti učinek sedemdnevne faze nalaganja (sedemdnevni »loading phase«) 17 gramov citrulin malata na teste maksimalne izometrične moči, eksplozivne izometrične moči in izokinetične vzdržljivosti mišic pri moških, ki imajo izkušnje z vadbo z utežmi. Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo varnost visokega odmerka 17 gramov citrulin malata. Nobeden od udeležencev ni poročal o prebavnih težavah v času faze nalaganja in testiranja. V nobenem od opravljenih testov nismo ugotovili statistično pomembne razlike. Ugotovili pa smo trend znatnega povečanja (ali manjšega zmanjšanja) skupka (vseh merjencev) v opravljenem delu oziroma volumnu v delu testa vzdržljivosti mišic. Ta ugotovitev ni bila sistematična in ni bila naš glavni cilj raziskave. Citrulin malat bi lahko potencialno uporabljali dvigovalci uteži za povečanje skupnega obsega vadbe, kar bi lahko privedlo do povečane mišične hipertrofije. Vemo pa, da je povečanje opravljenega mišičnega dela med vadbo eden od načinov za povečanje obremenitve skeletnih mišic, kar vodi v adaptacijo mišičnega tkiva. Čeprav je citrulin malat potencialno pomembno ergogeno sredstvo v prehranskih dopolnilih, potrebujemo nadaljnje raziskave za določitev optimalnih odmerkov, morebitnih dolgoročnih stranskih učinkov in njegove učinkovitosti v različnih populacijah. Dodatni izzivi, kot so formulacijski razmisleki in standardizacija v prehranski industriji, zahtevajo dodatno pozornost in testiranja. Vse večja popularnost prehranskih dopolnil vodi do večjih potreb po raziskavah na področju preverjanja učinkovitosti omenjenih sredstev. Z našo raziskavo smo želeli bolje razumeti ergogene učinke citrulin malata, ki so dragoceni za vrhunske in amaterske športnike. Prizadevamo si za boljše razumevanje predlaganih mehanizmov delovanja kot tudi učinkov citrulin malata na različne vrste vadb.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Citrulin, malat, dušikov oksid, arginin, prehranska dopolnila
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-155893
• COBISS.SI-ID: 197434883
• Publication date in RUL: 24.04.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of citrulline malate on test results of maximal strength, explosive strength, and muscular endurance in resistance-trained men

Abstract

Citrulline malate, a compound derived from the amino acid L-citrulline and malic acid, has gained significant attention in the supplement industry for its potential performance-enhancing benefits. Citrulline malate has been extensively studied for its role in promoting nitric oxide production, a key factor in vasodilation and improved blood flow. Enhanced blood flow is believed to contribute to increased oxygen and nutrient delivery to muscles during exercise, potentially leading to improved exercise performance and reduced fatigue. The supplement industry has embraced citrulline malate as a popular ingredient in pre-workout formulations, aiming to capitalize on its purported ability to enhance endurance, reduce muscle soreness, and support overall athletic performance. Research has shown promising results in various exercise modalities, including resistance training and aerobic activities. Furthermore, citrulline malate is recognized for its potential role in mitigating the effects of ammonia buildup during intense physical exertion, which may contribute to reduced muscle fatigue. This aspect of its performance-enhancing properties has garnered interest from athletes and fitness enthusiasts seeking ways to optimize training outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a 7-day loading phase of 17 grams of citrulline malate on tests of maximum isometric strength, explosive isometric power, and isokinetic muscle endurance in resistance-trained men. The results confirm the safety of the administered high dose of 17 grams of citrulline malate. None of the participants reported any digestive problems during the trial. We didn’t find any statistical difference in any of the tests performed. We did find a trend of increased total muscle workload in the combined work output of all participants in the muscle endurance part of the test. This finding wasn’t systematic and wasn’t our main goal of research. Citrulline malate could potentially be used by weightlifters to increase the total volume of a workout, which could lead to increased muscle hypertrophy, since the total volume performed during a workout is one of the ways to increase stress on skeletal muscle. While citrulline malate appears to hold promise as a valuable supplement ingredient, further research is needed to establish optimal dosages, potential long-term effects, and its efficacy across diverse populations. Additionally, challenges such as formulation considerations and standardization in the supplement industry warrant continued attention. In conclusion, citrulline malate's emergence in the supplement industry reflects a growing interest in evidence-based performance enhancers. Ongoing research and development efforts aim to unlock the full potential of this compound, providing valuable insights for athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and manufacturers in the ever-evolving landscape of sports nutrition supplements.

• Keywords: Citrulline, malate, nitric oxide, arginine, dietary supplements