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Vrednotenje prehranskega profila živil za dojenčke in malčke
ID Nartnik, Sanja (Author), ID Pajk Žontar, Tanja (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Gabrijelčič Blenkuš, Mojca (Comentor)

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Abstract
Materino mleko postane za dojenčka energijsko in hranilno nezadostno pri dopolnjenih šestih mesecih, zato je potrebno začeti z uvajanjem dopolnilne prehrane (DP). Leta 2019 je Regionalni urad SZO za Evropo izdal posodobljene Smernice za prenehanje neprimernega trženja živil za dojenčke in malčke med 6. in 36. mesecem starosti, v katerih je PDŽDM razdelil v več kategorij. Za vsako kategorijo je predlagal standarde glede sestavin, hranilne vrednosti ter zahteve za označevanje. Glavni namen magistrskega dela je bil ovrednotiti hranilne vrednosti in priporočeno starost za uvajanje PDŽDM iz različnih kategorij, ki smo jih kupili na slovenskem trgu. Za posamezne vzorce smo zabeležili na označbi navedeno priporočeno starost za uvajanje, vsebnost dodanega sladkorja, sladil ali živil s sladilnimi lastnostmi ter vsebnost maščob in natrija. Rezultate smo primerjali z vrednostmi modela za profiliranje PDŽDM. Rezultati so pokazali, da je bilo 40 % vzorcev označenih kot primernih za dojenčke, mlajše od 6 mesecev. 37 % vzorcev je imelo dodan sladkor, sladila ali živila s sladilnimi lastnostmi. Vzorci vseh kategorij so bili v skladu s priporočili SZO modela glede vsebnosti maščob. Pri 19 % vzorcev iz različnih kategorij je bila presežena zgornja meja za vsebnost natrija. Vse sadne pijače in 91 % prigrizkov je bilo označenih kot primernih za otroke, mlajše od 36 mesecev, kar ni v skladu s priporočili SZO modela. Glede na naše ugotovitve smo zaključili, da priporočena starost za uvajanje ne bi smela biti nižja od 6 mesecev, da sokovi niso primerna tekočina za otroke, mlajše od 36 mesecev, da PDŽDM ne bi smela vsebovati nobene oblike dodanega sladkorja ter da je v PDŽDM potrebno zmanjšati vsebnost natrija.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:prehrana dojenčkov, prehrana malčkov, dojenje, dopolnilna prehrana, predpakirana živila, prehranska vrednost, prehransko profiliranje, označbe na živilih, prehranska priporočila, trženje
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:[S. Nartnik]
Year:2024
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-155430 This link opens in a new window
UDC:641.1+613.2-053.2:614.31
COBISS.SI-ID:192888323 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:02.04.2024
Views:396
Downloads:55
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Evaluating the nutritional profile of foods for infants and toddlers
Abstract:
Breast milk becomes energetically and nutritionally insufficient for infants after six months, making it necessary to introduce complementary foods (CF). In 2019, the WHO Regional Office for Europe updated guidelines on ending inappropriate promotion of CACF for infants and young children between 6-36 months, categorizing CACF into different categories. For each category, standards were proposed for ingredients, nutritional value, and labeling requirements. The primary aim of the master's thesis was to evaluate the nutritional values and recommended ages for introducing CACF for different categories purchased in the Slovenian market. For each sample, we recorded the labeled recommended age of introduction, the content of added sugars or sweetening agents, and the content of fats and sodium. The results were compared with the values of the nutrient profile model. The findings showed that 40% of the samples were labeled as suitable for infants under 6 months. 37% of the samples contained added sugars or sweetening agents. Samples from all categories adhered to the WHO model's recommendations regarding fat content. In 19% of samples from different categories, the upper limit for sodium content was exceeded. All drinks and 91% of snacks were labeled as suitable for children under 36 months, which is not in line with the recommendations of the WHO model. Based on our findings, we concluded, that the age of introduction should not be lower than 6 months, that juices are not suitable liquids for children under 36 months, that CACF should not contain any forms of added sugar, and that the sodium content in CACF should be reduced.

Keywords:infant nutrition, young children nutrition, breastfeeding, complementary feeding, complementary foods, nutrition value, nutrient profiling, nutrition labels, nutrition recommendations, marketing

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