Introduction: The emergency room treats patients with various health problems. In addition to the referral diagnosis, other factors that affect the well-being of a person are also very important. Various factors influence a person’s well-being, behaviour, perception and coping with a situation. Due to the large number of patients being treated, the emergency room is subject to difficult conditions, which pose a challenge to both employees and treated patients. These factors can affect a person’s assumption of the role of the patient. This can lead to violence against employees. Purpose: The aim of the diploma thesis is to use scientific and professional literature to determine the safety of medical treatment of patients with aggressive behaviour in emergency medical activities and to determine the extent to which health workers in the emergency room are exposed to violence. Methods: We used a descriptive method of work with a systematic review of domestic and foreign literature, with a time frame from 2012 onwards. Due to the importance of the content, we used some articles from 1999. The literature included results on the incidence of violence, risk factors and violence prevention activities. Results: We found a high incidence of violence against healthcare workers in emergency medical activities, with more than 50% of healthcare workers experiencing psychological violence at least once, and less often physical violence. Discussion and conclusion: The treatment of an aggressive patient involves the cooperation of the whole team and requires a lot of knowledge and flexibility. The appearance of aggression in the patient is influenced by many factors. The most successful activities to prevent aggression include prevention aimed at preventing adverse effects, identification of perpetrators and de-escalation. It is also important to educate health professionals to deal with the phenomenon of violence in the workplace.
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