Secular trends in skill-related physical fitness among Slovenian children and adolescents from 1983 to 2014

Sember, Vedrana (avtor), Đurić, Saša (avtor), Starc, Gregor (avtor), Leskošek, Bojan (avtor), Sorić, Maroje (avtor), Kovač, Marjeta (avtor), Jurak, Gregor (avtor)

It is vital from the public health and educational perspective to be familiar with changes in the fitness levels of individuals and populations since fitness is associated with several health outcomes and cognition. Skill-related physical fitness refers to performance in sports or occupation and is associated with motor skill performance. The aim of the present study was to examine secular trends in skill-related physical fitness of 16678 participants in four youth generations of Slovenian children and adolescents in years 1983 (n = 3128), 1993/94 (n = 3413), 2003/04 (n = 5497), and 2013/14 (n = 4640). Using repeated cross-sectional design, we observed fitness level of all participants divided into three age groups: 6–10, 11–14, and 15–19 years. Skill-related physical performance was measured with seven fitness tests for speed, coordination, balance, and flexibility. Analysis of covariance was used to compare differences in fitness performance between decades in each age and sex group, adjusted for body height, body weight, and body mass index. Overall, large but inconsistent changes in coordination, a small improvement in speed, and a decline in flexibility were seen. The trends over the whole examined period were not linear throughout decades. Generally, positive trends were noticed in periods 1983–1993 (range 1.4%–17.9%; except flexibility) and 2003/04–2013/14 (range 0.2%–36.4%; except age group 15–19 years) while in the period 1993/94–2003/04 there are some particularities in secular trends according to individual components as well as age groups. In general, the secular trend showed a positive direction for both genders (p < 0.05), except for gross motor coordination, which demonstrated positive trends in 1993 and 2013 compared with a decade earlier (p < 0.05) and from 1983 to 2013/14, except for the youngest boys in 2003 and the youngest girls from 1993 to 2003 (p < 0.05). Our findings call for exercise programs aimed at improving speed and gross motor coordination in both sexes and all age groups, especially in the group of 15–19 years old.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: sport, balance, coordination, flexibility, generation, health, speed, temporal trends, youth
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FŠ - Fakulteta za šport
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2023
• Št. strani: Str. 2323–2339
• Številčenje: Vol. 33, iss. 11
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-152610
• UDK: 796.01-053.6
• ISSN pri članku: 1600-0838
• DOI: 10.1111/sms.14456
• COBISS.SI-ID: 161926915
• Datum objave v RUL: 30.11.2023

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
• Skrajšan naslov: Scand. j. med. sci. sports
• Založnik: Wiley
• ISSN: 1600-0838
• COBISS.SI-ID: 517824025

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: šport, ravnotežje, koordinacija, fleksibilnost, generacija, zdravje, hitrost, časovni trendi, mladi, najstniki, otroci

Projekti

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P5-0142
• Naslov: Bio-psiho-socialni konteksti kineziologije