Odnos med strategijami spoprijemanja s spletnim nasiljem in sočutjem do sebe pri srednješolcih : magistrsko delo

Jereb, Lara (author), Pirc, Tina (mentor)

Spletno medvrstniško nasilje (SMVN) je v zadnjem času morda upravičeno deležno precejšnje pozornosti, saj lahko v mnogih primerih prinaša negativne posledice za posameznike, ki so vključeni vanj. Slednji se lahko z njim spoprijemajo z uporabo različnih strategij, ki so bolj ali manj učinkovite. V tem magistrskem delu me je zato zanimalo, kolikšna je pojavnost SMVN med slovenskimi srednješolci. Konstrukt, ki je prav tako predmet novejših raziskav in se je izkazal za pomembno povezanega s kazalniki psihološkega blagostanja, pa je sočutje do sebe. V raziskavi me je torej zanimalo, kako se slednje povezuje z vključenostjo v SMVN in uporabo strategij spoprijemanja z njim. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 666 slovenskih srednješolcev (55,7 % dijakinj), starih med 15 in 20 let (M = 17,0). Za zbiranje podatkov sem uporabila tri pripomočke: Revidiran vprašalnik medvrstniških odnosov: spletno nasilje/spletna viktimizacija; Vprašalnik spoprijemanja s spletnim nasiljem; Lestvico sočutja do sebe – oblika za mladino, ki sem jo za namene tega dela tudi prevedla v slovenščino. Pri vseh vprašalnikih sem preverila faktorsko strukturo, pri čemer so bile pri prvih dveh potrebne nekatere modifikacije. Rezultati so pokazali, da je v SMVN vključenih več dijakov kot dijakinj, največ srednješolcev pa se v spletno nasilje vključuje v obliki dvojne vloge. Rezultati prav tako kažejo, da je skupina dijakov z dvojno vlogo v SMVN pomembno manj sočutna do sebe kot dijaki, ki se v SMVN ne vključujejo. Prav tako so, v primerjavi z dijaki, pomembno manj sočutne do sebe v SMVN vključene dijakinje. Povezave med sočutjem do sebe in uporabo posameznih strategij spoprijemanja s SMVN so nekoliko manj enoznačne. Posamezne strategije sicer nekoliko pogosteje uporabljajo dijakinje v primerjavi z dijaki ter tisti, ki SMVN samo doživljajo, v primerjavi s tistimi, ki SMVN hkrati tudi izvajajo. Tri četrtine dijakov, ki SMVN doživlja, o tem nikomur ne pove, najpogosteje zato, ker jih SMVN ne prizadene. V nekaterih razlogih za odsotnost poročanja o doživljanju SMVN se dijaki pomembno razlikujejo glede na spol in vlogo, ki jo imajo v SMVN. Dijaki, ki pa se odločijo povedati nekomu, se najpogosteje obrnejo na prijatelje, najredkeje pa na šolsko osebje. Na podlagi izsledkov te raziskave predlagam ukrepe, vezane na osveščanje dijakov in strokovnih delavcev o ustreznih odzivih ter strategijah spoprijemanja s SMVN. Prav tako predlagam, da se v preventivne dejavnosti uvedejo aktivnosti za krepitev sočutja do sebe.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spletno nasilje, medvrstniško nasilje, spoprijemanje, sočutje do sebe, srednješolci
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Jereb]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 89 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-152413
• UDC: 37.015.3:364.632(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 182065923
• Publication date in RUL: 24.11.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Relationship between cyberbullying coping strategies and self-compassion in high school students

Abstract

Peer cyberbullying (PCB) has lately received a considerable amount of attention, as it may have negative consequences for the ones involved in it. Those individuals can cope with PCB by using different, more or less efficient, strategies. With this master's thesis I therefore wanted to find out the incidence of PCB among Slovenian high school students. Another construct that is also a subject of more recent research and that has shown significant positive relationships with indicators of psychological wellbeing, is self-compassion. For that reason, I was interested in finding out if (and how) it is related to PCB involvement and coping strategies. The sample of Slovenian high school students, that were included in the study, consisted of 666 students (55, 7 % of girls), aged 15–20 years (M = 17,0). To collect the data, I used three instruments: Revised Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument, The Cyberbullying Coping Questionnaire, and Self-Compassion Scale – Youth Version. I translated the latter into Slovenian language. For all instruments, I performed confirmatory factor analyses. Based on these, some modifications were required for the first two instruments. Results showed that more boys were involved in PCB, and that most of the involved students had cyberbully/victim role. Results also showed that the latter group had significantly lower self-compassion than the non-involved students. In contrast to boys, girls involved in PCB were also less self-compassionate. The relationships between self-compassion scales and cyberbullying coping strategies were more complex. In general, girls and victimized students use the strategies more often than boys and cyberbully/victims respectively. Three quarters of students that experience PCB do not report that to anyone in their social circle. The most commonly reported reason is that they do not feel hurt by PCB. In some of the reasons for non-reporting on experiencing PCB, students differ significantly depending on their gender and their role in PCB. The students that do tell someone, usually lean on friends, but rarely on their teachers. Based on the results of this research, I propose measures related to raising awareness among students and teachers about appropriate responses to PCB and strategies to cope with it. I also suggest including activities to strengthen self-compassion in preventive programs.

• Keywords: cyberbullying, bullying, coping behavior, self-compassion, high school students