Leptospirosis and characterization of Leptospira isolates from patients in Koprivnica-Križevci County, Croatia from 2000–2004

Mišić-Majerus, Ljiljana (author), Cerar Kišek, Tjaša (author), Ružić-Sabljić, Eva (author)

Introduction. Leptospirosis, caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, is present in the Koprivnica-Križevci County area, Croatia. Clinical manifestation can range from asymptomatic, short-term mild, non-specific febrile disease, to severe forms with high mortality rates. Aim. The aim of the study was to valuate culture in front of microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for diagnosis of infection, and to evaluate clinical and laboratory features of the disease. Moreover, we want to characterize Leptospira strains involved in infection in Koprivnica-Križevci County, Croatia. Methods. We included 68patients with clinical presentation consistent with leptospirosis collected in a 5-year period (2000–2004). Clinical samples (blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) were inoculated in Kolthoff’s medium; species of isolated Leptospira strains was determined with Tm of real-time PCR, serogroup/serovar with MAT and NotI-RFLP analysis. Demonstration of specific antibodies in patients’ sera was done using microscopic agglutination test. Results. Leptospira was isolated from the blood of 14/51(27.5%) patients and the most often identified serogroup/serovar was Icterohaemorrhagiae (8/10, 80%) followed by Grippotyphosa (10%). Regarding to species level, 8/10 isolated belonged to L. interrogans sensu stricto and one to L. kirschneri species. MAT was carried out on 51patients with suspected leptospirosis, and was positive in 11/51(21.5%) patients. Most of our patients presented with moderate severe symptoms, were hospitalized from August to October, and were infected mainly during the work or recreation in our county. The frequency of particular clinical features and pathological laboratory findings correlated with the severity of the clinical condition. Conclusions. Leptospirosis can be confirmed microbiologically, culture and MAT contributed almost equally to the diagnosis of infection. Serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae was found as the dominant one, and L. interrogans sensu stricto as dominant species in our county. Epidemiological data shown that leptospirosis occurs seasonally, affects the rural population, and most commonly is presented with moderate severe clinical course.

• Language: English
• Keywords: leptospirosis, Leptospira isolation, Leptospira species, Leptospira serogroup, Leptospira serovar, MAT, Koprivnica-Križevci County, Croatia, MLST, sequence type
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 12 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 5, iss. 4, art. 000431
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-152336
• UDC: 616.9:579
• ISSN on article: 2516-8290
• DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000431
• COBISS.SI-ID: 168212995
• Publication date in RUL: 21.11.2023

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Access microbiology
• Shortened title: Access microbiol.
• Publisher: Microbiology Society
• ISSN: 2516-8290
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18872323

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: leptospiroza, Leptospira, izolati, Hrvaška, zaporedje vrste, mikrobiologija

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P3-0296
• Name: Bolezni in povzročitelji, ki jih v Sloveniji prenašajo členonožci